Thermal ablation‐insulation performance, microstructural, and mechanical properties of carbon aerogel based lightweight heat shielding composites

Seraji, Mohammad Mehdi; Ahmad, A.L.

doi:10.1002/pen.25648

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The larger mass loss is related to the volatilization of residual solution and the porous matrix with a relatively high reactivity. In the third stage (450–800 °C), the PCP and PF felt have a similar mass loss of 27.3% and 31.5%, respectively, on account of the methylene bond (−CH 2 −) breakage and dehydrocyclization of the aromatic rings . In the fourth stage (>800 °C), the measured mass losses are both less than 0.5%, indicating that the pyrolysis was almost finished at 800 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Fabrication of Large Aerogel-Like Carbon/Carbon Composites with Excellent Load-Bearing Capacity and Thermal-Insulating Performance at 1800 °C

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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Carbon aerogels (CAs) are attractive candidates for the thermal protection of aerospace vehicles due to their excellent thermostability and thermal insulation. However, the brittleness and low mechanical strength severely limits their practical applications, and no significant breakthroughs in large CAs with a high strength have been made. We report a high-pressure-assisted polymerization method combined with ambient pressure drying to fabricate large, strong, crack-free carbon/carbon (C/C) composites with an excellent load-bearing capacity, thermal stability, and thermal insulation. The composites are comprised of an aerogel-like carbon matrix and a low carbon crystallinity fiber reinforcement, featuring overlapping nanoparticles, macro-mesopores, large particle contact necks, and strong fiber/matrix interfacial bonding. The resulting C/C composites with a medium density of 0.6 g cm–3 have a very high compressive strength (80 MPa), in-plane shear strength (20 MPa), and specific strength (133 MPa g–1 cm3). Moreover, the C/C composites of 7.5–12.0 mm in thickness exposed to an oxyacetylene flame at 1800 °C for 900 s display very low back-side temperatures of 778–685 °C and even better mechanical properties after the heating. This performance makes the composites ideal for the ultrahigh temperature thermal protection of aerospace vehicles where both excellent thermal-insulating and load-bearing capacities are required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Fabrication of Large Aerogel-Like Carbon/Carbon Composites with Excellent Load-Bearing Capacity and Thermal-Insulating Performance at 1800 °C

Guo

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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“…Meanwhile, the thermochemical reactions at surface make the composites loss mass. [11,12] Up to now, PMCs represented by carbon/phenolic composites, high-silica/phenolic composites, quartz/phenolic composites, etc. have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat insulation and ablation resistance performance of continuous fiber reinforced composites with integrated gradient fabric

Zhang

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Polymer Composites

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The continuous fiber reinforced porous resin‐based composites with integrated gradient fabric (CPIGF) were successfully prepared. From the bottom to the top surface, the fiber volume fraction of the integrated fabric gradually increased, as well as the fabric architecture changed, meanwhile the porosity of the resin gradually decreased. The temperature in the inner composite increased quite slowly during ablation, and the linear ablation rate ranged from 0.019 mm/s to 0.029 mm/s. The simulation results showed that the good heat insulation capacity of CPIGFs was attributed to the anisotropy properties of the fabric architecture. The microstructure analysis showed that the good ablation resistance came from both the thermal expansion of the integrated gradient fabric and the densification of the zone with 3D orthogonal woven fabric. This work is helpful for designing thermal protection materials having both heat insulation and ablation resistance for hypersonic aircrafts.

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“…[31] In recent years, various organic, inorganic, and hybrid aerogels have been fabricated. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] As one of the compelling cases, resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) aerogel that is composed of interconnected structure at the nanometer scale. Throughout the aerogel production methods, general properties of aerogels depend on two ratios: resorcinol/catalyst (R/C) and resorcinol/water (R/W) molar ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational design of in‐situ‐modified resorcinol formaldehyde aerogels for removing chlortetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solutions

Behzadi

Motlagh

Raef

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Organic resorcinol formaldehyde aerogels with distinct pore sizes/surface areas in different ratios of (resorcinol/catalyst) R/C = 300, 400, 600 and (resorcinol/water) R/W = 2 were prepared utilizing sol–gel technique and in‐situ modified by incorporating 1 wt% meta‐phenylenediamine. The porous nanostructure, surface area, and pore size of the aerogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda techniques. Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction were employed to get understanding into the chemical structure. Furthermore, we investigated the removal percentage of antibiotic via UV–vis spectroscopy. The ability of modified aerogels in removing chlortetracycline (CTC) at different pH values (2–12), contact times (2–24 h), initial concentrations of CTC (50–100 mg L−1), and the adsorbent dose (2–10 mg) was evaluated. Consequently, the adsorption optimum conditions were found, the adsorption isotherms were measured, and isotherm models were fitted to the results to interpret the kinetics of adsorption. The obtained fitting parameters using the pseudo‐second‐order model revealed a well alignment with the experimental data. Finally, we demonstrated that the modified‐aerogels have a high capacity in CTC antibiotics removal up to 90% and an adsorption capacity of 440 mg g−1 as well as an efficient regeneration capacity for five consecutive cycles without significant degradation of the adsorption properties.

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Thermal ablation‐insulation performance, microstructural, and mechanical properties of carbon aerogel based lightweight heat shielding composites

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Fabrication of Large Aerogel-Like Carbon/Carbon Composites with Excellent Load-Bearing Capacity and Thermal-Insulating Performance at 1800 °C

Fabrication of Large Aerogel-Like Carbon/Carbon Composites with Excellent Load-Bearing Capacity and Thermal-Insulating Performance at 1800 °C

Heat insulation and ablation resistance performance of continuous fiber reinforced composites with integrated gradient fabric

Rational design of in‐situ‐modified resorcinol formaldehyde aerogels for removing chlortetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solutions

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