There are two I’s in motivation: Interpersonal dimensions of science self-efficacy among racially diverse adolescent youth

Adolescent science identity development in sociohistorical context: An ecological systems perspective

“…That is, while some responses related to students' own experiences, other responses mentioned the interpersonal dynamics and connections that shaped how they reflected on their personal identities during the pandemic. Consistent with this theme, research has shown that motivational constructs such as science self-efficacy might be better understood by examining how one's beliefs about their ability to succeed relates to whether and how individuals perceive learning and motivation from a collectivistic perspective rather than an individualistic lens (Kim et al, 2021). Our results are also broadly consistent with research indicating the importance of interpersonal connections among teenagers, particularly youth of color (Gray et al, 2020).…”

“…Research on science identity has always focused on both social and achievement-related goals, even if that exact terminology has not been used. For example, learners can develop a science identity through mastery achievement experiences (e.g., a self-efficacy perspective; Kim et al, 2021) as well as through how individuals perceive the ability to satisfy desired communal goals in STEM contexts (e.g., a goal congruity perspective; Diekman et al, 2016). Students in our focus groups, when prompted to reflect on their futures, frequently refocused the conversation on the importance of pursuing current social and emotional goals.…”

Self-Efficacy, Proxy Efficacy, Media Literacy, and Official Media Use in COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A Moderated Mediation Model

“…At the same time, media literacy can also indirectly affect self-efficacy through proxy efficacy. It has been suggested that in some specific situations, self-efficacy cannot be formed without the help of proxy ( Kim et al, 2021 ): when individuals believe that what they are facing is beyond their ability to handle or are unwilling to face it alone, they choose to trust the ability of a third party, that is, proxy, and hope to use its power to achieve the desired goal ( Bandura, 2001 ). In China, the “state” and “government” are considered responsible for controlling the pandemic, and the “state” and “government” are seen as a proxy to seek help.…”

“…The collective perspective provides an idea to explain the operation of proxy efficacy, which helps individuals perceive practical help from third parties in developing their self-efficacy, thus contributing to their self-efficacy ( Kim et al, 2021 ). From the beginning of the pandemic to the present-day normalization of prevention and control, audiences are often confronted with many reports with different qualities from the media.…”

Parents’ Interpersonal Communication in Improving Children’s Learning Motivation in Medan City

“…The actualization of needs carried out by parents to their children is carried out to find out various thoughts, ideas, emotions, mutual defense, provide support to establish more meaningful relationships and can entertain and motivate children to prevent actions that violate values and norms, that occurs in society. Parents can be said to be future-oriented mentors who are very prominent but also have the important authority to form and maintain interpersonal relationships with children through efforts to provide assistance in carrying out children's learning activities [1]. The many obstacles that arise in increasing children's motivation such as selfish children, indifferent and the existence of online games can cause children to feel lazy to do learning activities.…”