Therapists' approach and avoidance responses and the verbal behavior of mentally retarded clients.

Campbell, David R.; Browning, Philip

doi:10.1037/h0076729

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The approach-avoidance measure was a slight modification of the procedure originally developed by Bandura, Lipsher, and Miller (1960) and recently used in countertransference research (Hayes & Gelso, 1993; Latts & Gelso, 1995). Several studies have found counselor approach and avoidance behaviors to be related to positive and negative outcomes, respectively (Campbell & Browning, 1975; Caracena, 1965; Hayes & Gelso, 1993; Schuldt, 1966).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countertransference reactions to lesbian clients: The role of homophobia, counselor gender, and countertransference management.

Gelso¹,

Fassinger²,

Gómez³

et al. 1995

Journal of Counseling Psychology

105

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This study examined (a) male and female counselors' countertransference (CT) reactions to lesbian and heterosexual client actresses and (b) the role of counselor homophobia and CT management ability in CT reactions. Sixty-seven counselors viewed a videotaped client actress in 1 of 2 conditions: lesbian or heterosexual. The client discussed sexual problems within a stable relationship. Counselors responded to the taped client at 8 points. CT, the dependent variable, was assessed at behavioral, affective, and cognitive levels. Contrary to prediction, counselors did not exhibit more CT with a lesbian client. As hypothesized, (a) counselor homophobia correlated with counselor avoidance behavior in the lesbian condition and (b) female counselors had greater recall problems than male counselors with the lesbian client, whereas male and female counselors had equivalent recall with the heterosexual client. CT management ability was uncorrelated with CT reactions in all but a few instances.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countertransference reactions to lesbian clients: The role of homophobia, counselor gender, and countertransference management.

Gelso¹,

Fassinger²,

Gómez³

et al. 1995

Journal of Counseling Psychology

105

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“…By contrast, those responses judged to inhibit, discourage, or divert the client from further exploration or expression of a theme were classified as avoidance responses. Approach responses have been found to relate positively and avoidance responses negatively to counseling outcome with hostile (Varble, 1968), dependent (Caracena, 1965; Schuldt, 1966), and mentally retarded clients (Campbell & Browning, 1975).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male counselors' discomfort with gay and HIV-infected clients.

Hayes¹,

Gelso²

1993

Journal of Counseling Psychology

106

122

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This study examined male counselors' reactions to gay and human immunodeficiency virus (HlV)-infected clients in light of counselors' homophobia and death anxiety. After completing measures of homophobia and death anxiety, 34 male counselors viewed a videotaped, male client-actor in 1 of 4 conditions: either gay or heterosexual and either HIV negative or HIV positive. The dependent variable, counselor discomfort, was assessed through (a) the ratio of avoidance to approach verbal responses to the taped client, (b) self-reported state anxiety, and (c) recall of certain words used by the client. As hypothesized, counselors experienced greater discomfort with HIV-infected than HIV-negative clients, and counselors' homophobia predicted their discomfort with gay male clients. However, client sexual orientation did not affect counselor discomfort, and death anxiety was unrelated to discomfort with HIV-infected clients. Implications regarding countertransference and counseling were discussed.

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