Therapeutic vaccination against HIV: current progress and future possibilities

Puls, Rebekah; Emery, Sean

doi:10.1042/cs20050157

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…First, therapeutic vaccines raise immune responses that target sequence sites that are different from the ART drug targets [10]–[14]. Therefore, therapeutic vaccination could synergize with and strengthen the ART regimen, which would enhance the inhibitory effect on HIV replication, thus improving ART efficacy and reducing the development of drug resistance [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Participate in HIV Therapeutic Vaccine Trials among HIV-Infected Patients on ART in China

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMore and more HIV therapeutic vaccines will enter clinical trials; however, little is known about the willingness to participate (WTP) in HIV therapeutic vaccine trials among HIV-positive individuals.ObjectiveTo investigate the WTP in HIV therapeutic vaccine trials among Chinese HIV-infected patients.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey on HIV-positive inpatients and outpatients at Shanghai Public Health Center. A total of 447 participants were recruited into this study. Following an introduction with general information on HIV therapeutic vaccine and its potential effectiveness and side effects, each participant completed a questionnaire in a self-administered form. The questionnaires covered demographics, high-risk behaviors, clinical characteristics and willingness to participate in HIV therapeutic vaccine trial.ResultsThe overall willingness to participate in HIV therapeutic vaccine trials was 91.5%. Interestingly, multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the willingness was higher for those sexually infected by HIV (odds ratio [OR]: 4.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–12.41), diagnosed as HIV-1 infection for greater than 5 years (OR: 7.12, 95% CI: 1.83–27.76), and with the presence of infectious complications (OR: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.02–7.45). The primary reason for participation was to delay or reduce antiretroviral treatment (ART) and to avoid ART side effects (76.6%), and then followed by delaying disease progression (74.9%), increasing immune response to suppress opportunistic infections (57.7%) and preventing the development of drug resistance (37.1%). Reasons for unwillingness to participate mainly included concern for safety (37.0%), lack of knowledge on therapeutic vaccine (33.3%), and satisfaction with ART effectiveness (22.2%).ConclusionsThe WTP in HIV therapeutic vaccine trials was high among HIV-infected Chinese patients. HIV+ subjects who acquired infection through sexual contact and who were diagnosed for more than 5 years may represent a good candidate population for enrollment in therapeutic vaccine trials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Participate in HIV Therapeutic Vaccine Trials among HIV-Infected Patients on ART in China

et al. 2014

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“…Therapeutic vaccination has been investigated with the aim to increase immune responses in order to delay or reduce highly active antiretroviral therapy use (HAART) and prevent disease development (Puls & Emery, 2006). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive factors and willingness to participate in an HIV vaccine trial among HIV-positive injection drug users

Dhalla

Poole

Singer

et al. 2012

Psychology, Health & Medicine

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There are gaps in our knowledge of the role cognitive factors play in determining people’s willingness to participate (WTP) in therapeutic HIV vaccine trials. Using a cross-sectional design in HIV-positive injection drug users (IDU), we determined the role of three cognitive factors: HIV treatment optimism, self-efficacy beliefs, and knowledge of vaccine trial concepts in relation to WTP in a hypothetical phase 3 therapeutic HIV vaccine trial. Willingness to participate was 54%. Participants tended to be low in HIV treatment optimism (mean = 3.9/10), high in self-efficacy (mean = 79.8/100), and low in knowledge (mean = 4.1/10). Items pertaining to HIV treatment optimism and knowledge of HIV vaccine trial concepts were generally unrelated to WTP. An increase in self-efficacy had a statistically significant positive association with WTP (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.04–2.46, p<0.05). Furthermore, most of these HIV-positive participants had high levels of self-efficacy, so we are most confident about this relationship at such levels.

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“…In known HIV-infected patients the occurrence of HIVassociated oral lesions may signal a less than optimal response to treatment, usually due to poor patient compliance and/or the development of antiretroviral drug-resistance. 39 In undiagnosed HIV infected patients the presence of such lesions may represent the first clinical manifestation of infection.…”

Section: Principles Of Dental Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV: Infection Control Issues For Oral Healthcare Personnel

Huber

Terézhalmy

2007

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim:To present the essential elements of an infection control/exposure control plan in the oral healthcare setting with emphasis on HIV infection. Methods and Materials:A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted with special emphasis on HIV-related infection control issues in the oral healthcare setting.Results: Currently available knowledge related to HIV-related infection control issues is supported by data derived from well-conducted trials or extensive, controlled observations, or, in the absence of such data, by best-informed, most authoritative opinion available.Conclusion: Essential elements of an effective HIV-related infection control plan include: (1) education and training related to the etiology and epidemiology of HIV infection and exposure prevention; (2) plans for the management of oral healthcare personnel potentially exposed to HIV and for the follow-up of oral healthcare personnel exposed to HIV; and (3) a policy for work restriction of HIV-positive oral healthcare personnel.Clinical Significance: While exposure prevention remains the primary strategy for reducing occupational exposure to HIV, knowledge about potential risks and concise written procedures that promote a seamless Abstract © Seer Publishing response following occupational exposure can greatly reduce the emotional impact of an accidental needlestick injury.

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Therapeutic vaccination against HIV: current progress and future possibilities

Cited by 22 publications

References 150 publications

Willingness to Participate in HIV Therapeutic Vaccine Trials among HIV-Infected Patients on ART in China

Willingness to Participate in HIV Therapeutic Vaccine Trials among HIV-Infected Patients on ART in China

Cognitive factors and willingness to participate in an HIV vaccine trial among HIV-positive injection drug users

HIV: Infection Control Issues For Oral Healthcare Personnel

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