Therapeutic potentials of Quercetin in management of polycystic ovarian syndrome using Letrozole induced rat model: a histological and a biochemical study

Abstract

BackgroundPCOS is a leading endocrinopathy of young women instigating androgens elevation, insulin resistance, obesity, cardiometabolic and menstrual complications. The study investigated the effects of quercetin in a letrozole induced rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome, which displayed both clinical and metabolic features as in PCOS women.MethodsFemale Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups; control group received aqueous solution of carboxymethyl (CMC 0.5%); PCOS group administered with letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in solution (CMC 0.5%); Metformin group given with metformin (20 mg/kg) + letrozole (1 mg/kg); and Quercetin group provided with quercetin (30 mg/kg) + letrozole (1 mg/kg). All doses were given orally via gavage, for 21 consecutive days and colpocytological analysis was carried till end. After 21rst day, blood was taken out, centrifuged and plasma was kept for biochemical analysis (ELISA, anti-oxidant enzymes, lipid profile) and the reproductive organs were dissected out for histopathological evaluation.ResultsQuercetin as a chief member of flavonoid, showed beneficial effects by decreasing body weight, ovarian diameter, cysts and restoring healthy follicles, follicle’s extra-glandular layers, and corpora lutea in contrast to the positive control. Additionally, lipid profile and anti-oxidant status were also maintained to baseline which was very high in diseased rats (p < 0.001).Quercetin depicted a mark regulation in steroidogenesis by decreasing the levels of testosterone (0.78 ng/ml ± 0.14 in quercetin vs. PCOS positive control 1.69 ng/ml ± 0.17, p < 0.001) and estradiol (8.85 pg/ml ± 0.19 in quercetin vs. PCOS positive 1.61 pg/ml ± 0.29) and increasing progesterone levels (34.47 ng/ml ± 1.65 in quercetin vs. 11.08 ng/ml ± 1.17 in PCOS positive). The effects of quercetin were moderately parallel to the standard drug available in market i.e. metformin.ConclusionThe present study has confirmed that quercetin has the potentials to alleviate the hormonal and metabolic disturbances occurring in PCOS.

Troxerutin protects against DHT-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

“…However, there was a significant troxerutin-caused (300 mg/kg) decline in hypothalamic GnRH. In regard to the serum hormone levels in rats, many previous studies have reported that LH were generally in the range of 1.5~3 mIU/ml [34,35], FSH levels varied from 8mIU/ml to 20mIU/ml [26,36] and testosterone varied from 0.2 to 10 ng/ml [34,[36][37][38][39], which were approximately consistent with the corresponding results in the present study. Conclusively, troxerutin treatment 300 kg/mg to rats for up to 4 weeks inhibited the hyperactive GnRH/LH system in PCOS rats.…”

Troxerutin protects against DHT-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

“…However, there was a significant troxerutin-caused ( 300 mg/kg) decline in serum and hypothalamic GnRH. In regard to the serum hormone levels in rats, many previous studies have reported that LH were generally in the range of 1.5 ~ 3 mIU/ml [32,33], FSH levels varied from 8mIU/ml to 20mIU/ml [22,34]and testosterone varied from 0.2 to 10 ng/ml [32,[34][35][36][37], which were approximately consistent with the corresponding results in the present study. Conclusively, troxerutin treatment 300 kg/mg to rats for up to 4 weeks inhibited the hyperactive GnRH/LH system in PCOS rats.…”

Ameliorating effect of Brassica oleracea (broccoli) extract on the myocardial damage induced by polycystic ovary syndrome in the adult female albino rat

“…SFN mediated antioxidant effects may have occurred through activation of the transcription factor; nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which increases gene expression of endogenous antioxidant proteins such as SOD [85,86]. Moreover, quercetin, a flavonoid present in broccoli, was proved to have the potentials to alleviate the hormonal and metabolic disturbances occurring in PCOS [87].…”