Therapeutic Potential of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injuries

Zadroga, Anna; Jezierska-Woźniak, Katarzyna; Czarzasta, Joanna; Barczewska, Monika; Wojtkiewicz, Joanna; Maksymowicz, Wojciech

doi:10.1155/2017/3978595

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Over the years, OEC transplantation has advanced to the forefront of therapeutic innovation for spinal cord repair 36 , 37 . Although they may be appropriate for the treatment of spinal cord injury, transplantation studies have reported variable findings.…”

Section: Oecs In Spinal Cord Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Spinal Cord Injury

et al. 2018

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Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are glia reported to sustain the continuous axon extension and successful topographic targeting of the olfactory receptor neurons responsible for the sense of smell (olfaction). Due to this distinctive property, OECs have been trialed in human cell transplant therapies to assist in the repair of central nervous system injuries, particularly those of the spinal cord. Though many studies have reported neurological improvement, the therapy remains inconsistent and requires further improvement. Much of this variability stems from differing olfactory cell populations prior to transplantation into the injury site. While some studies have used purified cells, others have used unpurified transplants. Although both preparations have merits and faults, the latter increases the variability between transplants received by recipients. Without a robust purification procedure in OEC transplantation therapies, the full potential of OECs for spinal cord injury may not be realised.

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Section: Oecs In Spinal Cord Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Spinal Cord Injury

et al. 2018

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“…Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are specialized glial cells residing in both the PNS and CNS that share properties of both astrocytes and SCs. In animal SCI models, they have been shown to mediate regeneration and functional reconnection [104]. Functional gains in these models have also been reported [105].…”

Section: Olfactory Ensheathing Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of mesodermal lineage found in bone marrow, cartilage, adipose tissue, placenta, umbilical cord, and the perivascular region of most organs that can differentiate into osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrodytes [104]. They produce growth factors, neuroprotective cytokines, and chemokines, reduce inflammation, modulate glial scar formation, and mediate apoptosis [112].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Trials in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Donovan

Kirshblum

2018

Neurotherapeutics

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Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in impaired neurologic function that for many individuals is permanent and significantly impacts health, function, quality of life, and life expectancy. Many efforts have been taken to develop effective treatments for SCI; nevertheless, proven therapies targeting neurologic regeneration and functional recovery have been limited. Existing therapeutic approaches, including early surgery, strict blood pressure control, and consideration of treatment with steroids, remain debated and largely focus on mitigating secondary injury after the primary trauma has occurred. Today, there is more research being performed in SCI than ever before. Current clinical trials are exploring pharmacologic, cell-based, physiologic, and rehabilitation approaches to reduce secondary injury and also overcome barriers to neurorecovery. In the future, it is likely that tailored treatments combining many of these strategies will offer significant benefits for persons with SCI. This article aims to review key past, current and emerging neurologic and rehabilitation therapeutic approaches for adults with traumatic SCI.

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“…This attribute explains that enhancement of axonal extension after injury is possible and it can help neural regeneration, as a result of the expression of molecules implicated in that process ( Table 2) [2,59].…”

Section: Olfactory Ensheathing Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplantation or Transference of Cultured Cells as a Treatment for Spinal Cord Injury

Rodríguez-Barrera¹,

Soria-Zavala²,

García–Sánchez³

et al. 2019

Spinal Cord Injury Therapy [Working Title]

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) involves damage to the spinal cord causing both structural and functional changes, which can lead to temporary or permanent alterations. Even though there have been many advances in its treatment, the results of clinical trials suggest that the current therapies are not sufficiently effective.Recently, there has been a lot of interest in regulating this harmful environment by transplanting cultured cells and boosting their antiinflammatory cytokines and growth factors production. Several types of cells have been studied for SCI therapy including, Schwann cells (SC's), olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs), and immune cells (ICs) (lymphocytes, dendritic cells and alternative macrophage and microglia phenotypes). These treatments have shown to be promising and in this chapter, we will review the general aspects of transplanting these cells for SCI therapy as well as the neuroprotective and regenerative responses that different types of cells have reached in different SCI models. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are one of the most well studied cell types; however, they were not included in this section because they will be reviewed in another chapter of this book.

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Therapeutic Potential of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injuries

Cited by 32 publications

References 44 publications

Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Spinal Cord Injury

Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Spinal Cord Injury

Clinical Trials in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Transplantation or Transference of Cultured Cells as a Treatment for Spinal Cord Injury

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