Therapeutic perspectives ofp‑coumaric acid: Anti‑necrotic, anti‑cholestatic and anti‑amoebic activities

Abstract

Phenolic acids are phytochemical compounds derived from plant biomass materials, that have notable health benefits with high therapeutic potential in several diseases. p-coumaric acid (p-CA) is a phenolic acid that displays various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-antimicrobial properties. However, the ability of p-CA to prevent hepatic necrosis and cholestasis induced by various harmful agents has not yet been explored to date, at least to the best of our knowledge, and there is no evidence that p-CA exerts an anti-parasitic effect. Therefore, the present study employed male Wistar rats, and the study was divided into two experimental in vivo parts. A liver necrosis model was established using carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) for 24 h, and a cholestasis model induced by common bile duct ligation (BDL) for 48 h was also established. On the other hand, the Entamoeba histolytica HM1:IMSS strain was used as in vitro model employing Trypan blue cell viability assay. The results revealed that p-CA treatment significantly reduced the levels of the necrosis biomarker, alanine aminotransferase, and completely prevented the increase in the levels of the cholestasis markers, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in rats intoxicated with CCl 4 as well as in those subjected to BDL. Macroscopic observations and the hematoxylin and eosin staining results were consistent with the biochemical determinations, providing evidence of the hepatoprotective effects of p-CA. Moreover, 500 µM p-CA inhibited the growth of Entamoeba histolytica, 26.5% at 12 h and 41.5% at 24 h compared with the controls. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, these findings provide the first evidence that p-CA prevents liver damage induced by CCl 4 or BDL (necrosis and cholestasis) and exhibits amoebostatic activity against Entamoeba histolytica.

Effect of Sprouting on the Phenolic Compounds, Glucosinolates, and Antioxidant Activity of Five Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz Cultivars

“…BPAs also included 3.5-dihydroxybenzoic, m-coumaric, and caffeic acid ( Table 2 ). All the PAs found in Camelina seeds and sprouts have beneficial effects on human health, they act as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, antiviral, antifungal, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective agents [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The germination improved the health properties of Camelina sativa by increasing the content and the number of types of PAs.…”

Investigation the biological activities and the metabolite profiles of endophytic fungi isolated from Gundelia tournefortii L.

“…This compound can be converted into other phenolic acids such as sinapic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid, also other metabolite acids such as lignins and lignin precursors. The studies have shown that para-coumaric acid has several biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-platelet aggregation, analgesic, anti-cancer and neuroprotective 44 , 45 . According to our results, since P. glabrum had the ability to produce para-coumaric acid, it could be considered as a suitable source for the production of this compound on a commercial scale.…”

Phytochemical Composition and Antiplasmodial Potential of Fruit Extract of Hunteria umbellata on Chloroquine-Sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei (NK65)-Infected Albino Mice

“…In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that p-CA possesses multiple bioactivities of pharmacological qualities that support its ability to have impacts on blood sugar, hyperlipidaemia, neurodegeneration, analgesia, arthritis, anxiolysis, cancer, ulcers, oxidation, anti-platelet aggregation and inflammation [36][37][38] . Coumaric acid have also been report to prevent liver damage induced by CCl 4 or BDL (necrosis and cholestasis) and exhibits amoebostatic activity against Entamoeba histolytica 39 .…”