Therapeutic Options and Prognostic Factors in Treatment of Anaplastic Gliomas

Abstract

Introduction/objective: Anaplastic gliomas compromise about 5.9% of primary CNS tumors. The main goal of the operation is the maximum removal of the tumor, reduction of the tumor mass and reduction of the increased intracranial pressure. Different pathohistological subtypes of anaplastic gliomas show significantly different prognosis depending on the applied oncological therapeutic protocol as well as the modality of the applied radiotherapy. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a retrospective, clinical observational study. The study included 34 participants who were diagnosed with anaplastic glioma in the followed time period. Survival rates were calculated based on the localization, modality of therapy and complications. Results: we concluded that 20,4% of anaplastic gliomas were formed by transformation from previously operated lower grade gliomas. The initial sign of the disease is the appearance of epileptic seizures. Anaplastic gliomas most oftenly occur in the frontal region, with a frequency of 47%. The incidence of anaplastic gliomas in the temporal lobe is 23,5%. The length of survival is in relation to the localization of tumor expansion(p<0.05). The overall survival in the group of anaplastic gliomas operated on in the Department of Neurooncology KCS in the follow-up period of five years is 52.9%. Conclusion: The application of different chemotherapy modalities is not significant predictor in the length of survival. The radical nature of the operation has significance in the length of patient survival, which confirms the conclusions of most of the conducted studies cited in oncology textbooks.