Therapeutic Investigation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent-Derived Beta-Carotene in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Retinopathy via the Regulation of Blood–Retina Barrier Functions

Paramaswaran, Yamunna; Subramanian, Aswinprakash; Paramakrishnan, Nallupillai; Ramesh, Muthusamy; Muthuraman, Arunachalam

doi:10.3390/ph16050647

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Chronic hyperglycemic conditions are known to enhance the elevation of MMP-13 protein expression in neuronal tissue, which causes neurovascular damage [ 35 , 36 ]. The inhibition of MMP-13 by natural carotenoids attenuates diabetic neurovascular damage and cognitive dysfunction [ 35 , 37 ]. The natural marine xanthophyll type of carotenoid, i.e., AST, possesses potential neurovascular protective actions in vitro and in vivo against hyperglycemia via the inhibition and regulation of MMPs and MMP-associated signaling pathways [ 26 , 27 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin: A Marine Drug That Ameliorates Cerebrovascular-Damage-Associated Alzheimer’s Disease in a Zebrafish Model via the Inhibition of Matrix Metalloprotease-13

Paramakrishnan,

Lim,

Paramaswaran

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major type of dementia disorder. Common cognitive changes occur as a result of cerebrovascular damage (CVD) via the disruption of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13). In diabetic cases, the progress of vascular dementia is faster and the AD rate is higher. Patients with type 2 diabetes are known to have a higher risk of the factor for AD progression. Hence, this study is designed to investigate the role of astaxanthin (AST) in CVD-associated AD in zebrafish via the inhibition of MMP-13 activity. CVD was developed through the intraperitoneal and intracerebral injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The AST (10 and 20 mg/L), donepezil (1 mg/L), and MMP-13 inhibitor (i.e., CL-82198; 10 μM) were exposed for 21 consecutive days in CVD animals. The cognitive changes in zebrafish were evaluated through light and dark chamber tests, a color recognition test, and a T-maze test. The biomarkers of AD pathology were assessed via the estimation of the cerebral extravasation of Evans blue, tissue nitrite, amyloid beta-peptide aggregation, MMP-13 activity, and acetylcholinesterase activity. The results revealed that exposure to AST leads to ameliorative behavioral and biochemical changes. Hence, AST can be used for the management of AD due to its multi-targeted actions, including MMP-13 inhibition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astaxanthin: A Marine Drug That Ameliorates Cerebrovascular-Damage-Associated Alzheimer’s Disease in a Zebrafish Model via the Inhibition of Matrix Metalloprotease-13

Paramakrishnan,

Lim,

Paramaswaran

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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“…Carotenoid-rich natural plants have attracted widespread attention, with the belief that they have fewer side effects. Lutein-rich purple sweet potato leaf extract has been shown to suppress retinal inflammation and increase retina thickness while palm oil mill effluent-derived beta-carotene could alleviate oxidative stress as well as regulate BRB function in diabetic rats [ 92 , 93 ]. However, high doses of carotenoid supplementation may not benefit retinal function.…”

Section: Nutraceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceuticals for Diabetic Retinopathy: Recent Advances and Novel Delivery Systems

Ye,

Fung,

Lam

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major vision-threatening disease among the working-age population worldwide. Present therapeutic strategies such as intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF and laser photocoagulation mainly target proliferative DR. However, there is a need for early effective management in patients with early stage of DR before its progression into the more severe sight-threatening proliferative stage. Nutraceuticals, natural functional foods with few side effects, have been proposed to be beneficial in patients with DR. Over the decades, many studies, either in vitro or in vivo, have demonstrated the advantages of a number of nutraceuticals in DR with their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, or vasoprotective effects. However, only a few clinical trials have been conducted, and their outcomes varied. The low bioavailability and instability of many nutraceuticals have indeed hindered their utilization in clinical use. In this context, nanoparticle carriers have been developed to deliver nutraceuticals and to improve their bioavailability. Despite its preclinical nature, research of interventive nutraceuticals for DR may yield promising information in their clinical applications.

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“…BC is one of the natural antioxidants, and it is a vitamin A precursor. It possesses various tissue-protective actions, including renal tissue due to multi-targeted actions [35]. BCO2 is a metabolic key enzyme for various carotenoid metabolisms like lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, including BC in animals [36,37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Action of Beta-Carotene against the Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Renal Dysfunction in Male Adult Zebrafish via Regulations of Mitochondrial Inflammatory and β-Carotene Oxygenase-2 Actions

Muthuraman,

Sayem,

Meenakshisundaram

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a metabolic byproduct of indole metabolism. IS readily interacts with the mitochondrial redox metabolism, leading to altered renal function. The β-carotene oxygenase-2 (BCO2) enzyme converts carotenoids to intermediate products. However, the role of β-carotene (BC) in IS-induced renal dysfunction in zebrafish and their modulatory action on BCO2 and mitochondrial inflammations have not been explored yet. Hence, the present study is designed to investigate the role of BC in the attenuation of IS-induced renal dysfunction via regulations of mitochondrial redox balance by BCO2 actions. Renal dysfunction was induced by exposure to IS (10 mg/L/hour/day) for 4 weeks. BC (50 and 100 mg/L/hour/day) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10; 20 mg/L/hour/day) were added before IS exposure. BC attenuated the IS-induced increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and complex I activity levels, and the reduction of renal mitochondrial biomarkers, i.e., BCO2, superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, and carbonylated proteins. Moreover, renal histopathological changes were analyzed by the eosin and hematoxylin staining method. As a result, the administration of BC attenuated the IS-induced renal damage via the regulation of mitochondrial function.

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Therapeutic Investigation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent-Derived Beta-Carotene in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Retinopathy via the Regulation of Blood–Retina Barrier Functions

Cited by 4 publications

References 82 publications

Astaxanthin: A Marine Drug That Ameliorates Cerebrovascular-Damage-Associated Alzheimer’s Disease in a Zebrafish Model via the Inhibition of Matrix Metalloprotease-13

Astaxanthin: A Marine Drug That Ameliorates Cerebrovascular-Damage-Associated Alzheimer’s Disease in a Zebrafish Model via the Inhibition of Matrix Metalloprotease-13

Nutraceuticals for Diabetic Retinopathy: Recent Advances and Novel Delivery Systems

Preventive Action of Beta-Carotene against the Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Renal Dysfunction in Male Adult Zebrafish via Regulations of Mitochondrial Inflammatory and β-Carotene Oxygenase-2 Actions

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