Therapeutic Exosomes in Prognosis and Developments of Coronary Artery Disease

Chen, Ai-Qun; Gao, Xiaofei; Wang, Zhimei; Wang, Rui; Luo, Shuai; Gu, Yue; Zhang, Junjie; Chen, Shao‐Liang

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.691548

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs are related to cardiac function, disease, and cardioprotection (37)(38)(39)(40). Regarding cardioprotection, the expression of several miRNAs, such as miR-1, miR-21, and miRNA-125b, have been identified to be significantly changed due to ischemic pre-or postconditioning (41)(42)(43)(44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Exosomes at the Late Phase of Remote Ischemic Pre-conditioning Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Transferring miR-126a-3p

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Background: Remote ischemic pre-conditioning (RIPC) alleviated the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, yet the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated, especially at the late phase. Searching a key component as a transfer carrier may provide a novel insight into RIPC-mediated cardioprotection in the condition of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.Objective: To investigate the cardioprotective effect of plasma exosomes at the late phase of RIPC and its potential signaling pathways involved.Methods and Results: Exosomes were isolated from the plasma of rats 48 h after the RIPC or control protocol. Although the total plasma exosomes level had no significant change at the late phase of RIPC (RIPC-exosome) compared with the control exosomes (Control-exosome), the RIPC-exosome afforded remarkable protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rats and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury in cells. The miRNA array revealed significant enrichment of miR-126a-3p in RIPC-exosome. Importantly, both miR-126a-3p inhibitor and antagonist significantly blunted the cardioprotection of RIPC-exosome in H/R cells and MI/R rats, respectively, while miR-126a-3p mimic and agomir showed significant cardioprotection against H/R injury in cells and MI/R injury in rats. Mechanistically, RIPC-exosome, especially exosomal miR-126a-3p, activated the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway by enhancing the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2, and simultaneously inhibited Caspase-3 mediated apoptotic signaling.Conclusions: Our findings reveal a novel myocardial protective mechanism that plasma exosomes at the late phase of RIPC attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via exosomal miR-126a-3p.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Exosomes at the Late Phase of Remote Ischemic Pre-conditioning Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Transferring miR-126a-3p

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…They express micro-ribonucleic acid (RNA) and seem to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and angiogenic properties. Introduction of EVs helped mitigate damage from reperfusion ( Chen et al, 2021 ). EVs have been utilized as a therapeutic approach in immune-mediated illness, in addition to their application in intentionally induced hypoxia to organs as in transplantation or cardiac surgery.…”

Section: Indoleamine-23-dioxygenase As a Target In Anoxic States Related To Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase as a Perioperative Marker of the Immune System

et al. 2021

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Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is the “rate-limiting” enzyme in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway of the tryptophan (Trp) catabolism. By its immune-modulatory effect, IDO initiates changes to the physiologically balanced immune state and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, as well as in the perioperative setting during surgery. In autoimmune processes, highly malignant cancers such as glioblastoma or organ transplantation, IDO’s involvement has been studied extensively. However, in severe systemic infections, as present in sepsis, it is not yet completely understood. Hereafter, in this narrative review, we present the current knowledge of IDO’s implication on such complex immune-related processes. Moreover, we address the role of IDO as a predictive biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for immune-mediated diseases. Finally, we discuss IDO in the setting of surgical trauma-induced stress and highlight its promising use as a biomarker in the pre-operative setting for all disciplines involved in the decision-making process and treatment of patients undergoing surgery.

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“… 9–12 However, very little research has been conducted on the identification of restenosis-related genes and the prediction of diagnostic markers in patients with restenosis using bioinformatics analysis. 13 Some studies have found that high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins can predict increased risk of restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease; 14 others have shown that preoperative inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-23 predict restenosis risk. 15 , 16 The chief pathological features of restenosis are injury to arterial endothelial cells and proliferation of new tissue, which re-shrinks the coronary artery after stenting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers Associated with Immune Checkpoint, N6-Methyladenosine, and Ferroptosis in Patients with Restenosis

Tong¹,

Zhao²,

Dang³

et al. 2023

JIR

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Purpose This study aimed to identify potential diagnostic markers of restenosis after stent implantation and to determine their association with immune checkpoint, ferroptosis, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A). Patients and methods Microarray data were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI: GSE46560 and GSE48060 datasets) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between in-stent restenosis and no-restenosis samples. We then conducted systematic functional enrichment analyses of the DEGs based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and further predicted the interactions of different proteins using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING). We used the MCC and MCODE algorithms in the cytoHubba plug-in to screen three key genes in the network, and employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine their diagnostic significance using a multiscale curvature classification algorithm. Next, we investigated the relationships between these target genes, immune checkpoint, ferroptosis, and m6A. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the above results. Results We identified 62 upregulated genes and 243 downregulated genes. Based on GO, KEGG, and screening results, EEF1D, RPL36, and RPSA are promising genes for predicting restenosis. In addition, the methylation of YTHDF2, the ferroptosis-related gene GLS2, and the immune checkpoint-related gene CTLA4 were observed to be associated with restenosis. The qRT-PCR test confirmed that RPSA and RPL36 are useful diagnostic markers of the restenosis that can provide new insights for future studies on its occurrence and molecular mechanisms. Conclusion We found that RPSA and RPL36, as useful diagnostic markers of restenosis, can provide new insights for future studies on its occurrence and molecular mechanisms.

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Therapeutic Exosomes in Prognosis and Developments of Coronary Artery Disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 72 publications

Plasma Exosomes at the Late Phase of Remote Ischemic Pre-conditioning Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Transferring miR-126a-3p

Plasma Exosomes at the Late Phase of Remote Ischemic Pre-conditioning Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Transferring miR-126a-3p

Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase as a Perioperative Marker of the Immune System

Biomarkers Associated with Immune Checkpoint, N6-Methyladenosine, and Ferroptosis in Patients with Restenosis

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