Therapeutic efficacy of catalpol against apoptosis in cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells

Abstract

Cardiac arrhythmia is an irregular heart rhythm that can lead to serious heart conditions and various organ disorders, and may cause sudden cardiac death. Catalpol belongs to the iridoid glycoside family and is highly abundant in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. The study included five groups such as group I (normal control), group II (treatment control), group III (low-dose treatment), group IV (medium-dose treatment) and group V (high-dose treatment). We investigated the therapeutic effects of catalpol on cardiac arrhythmia in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity, and caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities and protein levels were measured in normal control, treatment control, and treated (1, 10, and 100 µM) iPSC groups. Compared with the treatment control group, catalpol supplementation (1, 10, and 100 µM) increased iPSC cell viability by 7.5, 27.3, and 65.8%, respectively; reduced the LDH levels by 10.4, 31.3, and 75.2%, respectively; and reduced the lipid peroxidation levels by 7.7, 33.0, and 62.6%, respectively. The antioxidant levels were significantly higher in the treatment control group than in the normal control group. Catalpol (100 µM) reduced the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities by more than 30% and increased expression of the corresponding proteins by more than 50%. These findings suggest that the naturally occurring iridoid glycoside catalpol is effective against aconitine-induced cardiac arrhythmia in iPSCs. Publisher's NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Molecular and Biochemical Pathways of Catalpol in Alleviating Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications

“…Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are cultured and differentiated into cardiomyocytes. Then, catalpol is incubated with iPSC for 24 h. Catalpol (10 and 100 μM) significantly improved the cell viability and decreased the LDH levels in arrhythmia [ 122 ]. Catalpol (10 and 100 μM) significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in iPSC and also successfully attenuated oxidative stress by increasing SOD, Gpx, and GSH.…”

“…Catalpol (10 and 100 μM) significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in iPSC and also successfully attenuated oxidative stress by increasing SOD, Gpx, and GSH. The activities of caspase 3 and caspase 9 are also decreased by catalpol, indicating catalpol has attenuated apoptosis [ 122 ]. However, these activities need to be further established using in vivo arrhythmia model.…”

Evidence and potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The most frequently used herb for PV is Radix Rehmanniae Recens. Catalpol is the main component of Radix Rehmanniae Recens, and it could improve the lesion of psoriasis by alleviating oxidative stress, activation of AMPK-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis, up-regulating expressions of cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP (31)(32)(33). The main component of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Tanshinone IIA has been confirmed its ability of anti-psoriasis.…”

Aconitine and its derivatives: bioactivities, structure-activity relationships and preliminary molecular mechanisms

“…Moreover, in specific autopsy instances of AC poisoning, it has been noted that myocarditis or significant damage to the heart muscle were evident. Additionally, preclinical investigations have demonstrated that AC exhibits cytotoxic properties towards cardiomyocytes, akin to those observed in cases of acute myocardial infarction ( Yang et al, 2020 ). Furthermore, the manifestation of acute AC poisoning often encompasses palpitations, hypotension, bradycardia, and sinus tachycardia, which are characteristic cardiovascular symptoms ( Zhao et al, 2016 ).…”