Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a relevant neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Its relevancy is mainly due to its high prevalence and high global burden. Metalloids have attracted attention as
their serum levels seem to differ between affected patients and healthy individuals. On the other
hand, atoms of some metalloids have been included in bioactive molecules, exerting some interesting
effects, mainly due to their ameliorative effects in neurodegeneration. In this sense, boron-containing
compounds (BCC) have been explored to regulate or prevent neurodegeneration. As an example,
boric acid has been reported as a compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic
effects. Other natural BCCs have also shown amelioration of metabolic conditions often related to
increased risk of neurodegenerative maladies. However, in recent years, additional organoboron
compounds have been reported as active in several processes linked to neurodegeneration and especially attractive as regulators of the origin and progression of AD. In this mini-review, some data are
collected suggesting that some natural BCC could be used as preventive agents, but also the potential
of some BODIPYs as tools for diagnosis and some other BCC (particularly boronic acids and pinacol boronic esters) for acting as promising therapeutic agents for AD.