Therapeutic effect of localized vibration on alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats

Abstract

ObjectivesVibration, in the form of high frequency acceleration (HFA), stimulates alveolar bone formation under physiologic conditions and during healing after dental extractions. It is not known if HFA has an anabolic effect on osteoporotic alveolar bone. Our objective is to determine if HFA has a regenerative effect on osteoporotic alveolar bone.Methods and materialsAdult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: 1) Ovariectomized Group (OVX), 2) Sham-OVX Group that received surgery without ovariectomy, 3) OVX-HFA Group that was ovariectomized and treated daily with HFA, 4) OVX+Static Force Group that was ovariectomized and received the same force as HFA, but without vibration, and 5) Control Group that did not receive any treatment. All animals were fed a low mineral diet for 3 months. Osteoporosis was confirmed by micro-CT of the fifth lumbar vertebra and femoral head. HFA was applied to the maxillary first molar for 5 minutes/day for 28 and 56 days. Maxillae were collected for micro-CT, histology, fluorescent microscopy, protein and RNA analysis, and three-point bending mechanical testing.ResultsMicro-CT analysis revealed significant alveolar bone osteoporosis in the OVX group. Vibration restored the quality and quantity of alveolar bone to levels similar to the Sham-OVX group. Animals exposed to HFA demonstrated higher osteoblast activity and lower osteoclast activity. Osteogenic transcription factors (RUNX2, Foxo1, Osterix and Wnt signaling factors) were upregulated following vibration, while RANKL/RANK and Sclerostin were downregulated. HFA did not affect serum TRAcP-5b or CTx-1 levels. The osteogenic effect was highest at the point of HFA application and extended along the hemimaxillae this effect did not cross to the contra-lateral side.ConclusionsLocal application of vibration generated gradients of increased anabolic metabolism and decreased catabolic metabolism in alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats. Our findings suggest that HFA could be a predictable treatment for diminished alveolar bone levels in osteoporosis patients.

A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network plays a role in the protective effect of diosgenin on alveolar bone loss in ovariectomized rats

“…In our present study, we chose a rat model induced by OVX to mimic postmenopausal women with alveolar high-turnover bone loss. These patients usually feature high bone resorption and bone formation processes [ 32 , 33 ]. Our 3-D bone microstructure modeling revealed many parameters, e.g., Tb.Th, BV/TV, BS, Tb.N, Tb.Pf, Tb.Sp, as well as SMI were significantly changed.…”

The Use of High Frequency Vibration and Clear Aligners in Management of an Adult Patient with Class III Skeletal Malocclusion with Open Bite and Severe Bimaxillary Protrusion: Case Report

“…The important observation to report here is the new bone formation labial to the initially proclined lower incisors after using HFV without gingival graft to cover the gum recession labial to the affected lower incisor ( Figure 6 b). It has been reported before that HFV not only can accelerate tooth movement with clear aligners [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] but also it increase bone formation and density after orthodontic treatment and after extraction of teeth as well [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Previous reports have shown that the increased bone density effect of HFV is mediated through its upregulation of osteogenic transcription factors (RUNX2, Foxo1, Osterix and Wnt signaling factors) [ 13 ].…”

“…It has been reported before that HFV not only can accelerate tooth movement with clear aligners [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] but also it increase bone formation and density after orthodontic treatment and after extraction of teeth as well [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Previous reports have shown that the increased bone density effect of HFV is mediated through its upregulation of osteogenic transcription factors (RUNX2, Foxo1, Osterix and Wnt signaling factors) [ 13 ]. The biological mechanism of accelerating tooth movement by HFV has been reported in detailed before [ 16 ].…”

“…Extraction of lower incisor also has long been reported to be an acceptable treatment approach in Class III malocclusion cases especially in adults [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The use of high frequency vibration (HFV) has been introduced in orthodontics and recent reports showed that it does not only accelerate tooth movement, but also it increases bone density at the end of active treatment in human as well as after extraction in rats [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The anabolic effect of HFV during orthodontic treatment makes it unique especially in cases with gingival recession or compromised crown/root ratio.…”

“…The anabolic effect of HFV during orthodontic treatment makes it unique especially in cases with gingival recession or compromised crown/root ratio. The increased osteoblastic activity of HFV is reported due to its upregulation of osteogenic transcription factors (RUNX2, Foxo1, Osterix and Wnt signaling factors) [ 13 ]. In cases with severe proclination of lower incisors, loss of alveolar bone can be seen labial to the proclined incisors that may also show gingival recession [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”