Therapeutic Effect of Gypenosides on Antioxidant Stress Injury in Orbital Fibroblasts of Graves’ Orbitopathy

Li, Haoyu; Liu, Wei; Lu, Shuwen; Li, Xian; Chen, Jinyuan; Li, Kaijun; Wang, Wenzhan

doi:10.1155/2022/4432584

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This effect is achieved by reducing the activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 4/NF-κB signaling and TGF-β1/SMAD2/SMAD4 signaling in GO OFs ( Li et al, 2020b ). A recent study reported that celastrol decreased the oxidative stress level of OFs generated by H 2 O 2 -reduced cell autophagy as well as apoptosis of OFs ( Ma et al, 2022 ). This suggests a multifaceted impact of gypenosides in regulating various processes associated with GO.…”

Section: Tcm and Other Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Zhang,

Zhao,

2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is a hyperthyroidism-related and immune-mediated disease that poses a significant threat to human health. The pathogenesis of GO primarily involves T cells, B cells, and fibroblasts, suggesting a pivotal role for the thyrotropin-antibody-immunocyte-fibroblast axis. Traditional treatment approaches for Graves’ disease (GD) or GO encompass antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioactive iodine, and beta-blockers. However, despite decades of treatment, there has been limited improvement in the global incidence of GO. In recent years, promising therapies, including immunotherapy, have emerged as leading contenders, demonstrating substantial benefits in clinical trials by inhibiting the activation of immune cells like Th1 and B cells. Furthermore, the impact of diet, gut microbiota, and metabolites on GO regulation has been recognized, suggesting the potential of non-pharmaceutical interventions. Moreover, as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) components have been extensively explored and have shown effective results in treating autoimmune diseases, remarkable progress has been achieved in managing GO with TCM. In this review, we elucidate the pathogenesis of GO, summarize current and prospective therapies for GO, and delve into the mechanisms and prospects of TCM in its treatment.

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Section: Tcm and Other Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Zhang,

Zhao,

2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Gypenosides displayed anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-oxidative effects in two separate in-vitro studies employing TAO-OF [ 75 , 79 ]. Pretreatment with gypenosides significantly attenuated IL-1β-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, CCL2) by TAO-OF, via reducing activation of Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway.…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Tcm Active Ingredients In Taomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study [ 79 ], gypenosides decreased oxidative stress via NRF2/ERK/HO-1 signaling pathway, as well as inhibited autophagy and apoptosis in TAO-OF treated with H2O2. They enhanced H2O2-stimulated malondialdehyde production but attenuated H2O2-induced SOD expression, suggesting regulation in the level of oxidative stress in TAO-OF.…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Effects Of Tcm Active Ingredients In Taomentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese medicine in thyroid-associated orbitopathy

Hai

Lee

Chen

et al. 2023

J Endocrinol Invest

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Purpose Orbital fibroblasts (OF) are considered the central target cells in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), which comprises orbital inflammation, orbital tissue edema, adipogenesis, fibrosis, oxidative stress and autophagy. Certain active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) demonstrated inhibition of TAO-OF in pre-clinical studies and they could be translated into novel therapeutic strategies. Methods The pertinent and current literature of pre-clinical studies on TAO investigating the effects of active ingredients of TCM was reviewed using the NCBI PubMed database. Results Eleven TCM compounds demonstrated inhibition of TAO-OF in-vitro and three of them (polydatin, curcumin, and gypenosides) resulted in improvement in TAO mouse models. Tanshinone IIA reduced inflammation, oxidative stress and adipogenesis. Both resveratrol and its precursor polydatin displayed anti-oxidative and anti-adipogenic properties. Celastrol inhibited inflammation and triptolide prevented TAO-OF activation, while icariin inhibited autophagy and adipogenesis. Astragaloside IV reduced inflammation via suppressing autophagy and inhibited fat accumulation as well as collagen deposition. Curcumin displayed multiple actions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-adipogenic, anti-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic effects via multiple signaling pathways. Gypenosides reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue fibrosis, as well as oxidative stress mediated autophagy and apoptosis. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited OF proliferation, inflammation, hyaluronan (HA) production, and fibrosis. Berberine attenuated inflammation, HA production, adipogenesis, and fibrosis. Conclusions Clinical trials of different phases with adequate power and sound methodology will be warranted to evaluate the appropriate dosage, safety and efficacy of these compounds in the management of TAO.

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“…This triggers production of proinflammatory cytokines, fibroblasts activation, and recruitment of immune cells, resulting in tissue inflammation, swelling, and fibrosis ( 9 ). Recent studies have implicated oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of TAO ( 10 ). Oxidative stress arises when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the body’s antioxidant defense mechanisms ( 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: the role of oxidative stress

Ma,

Li,

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune condition affecting the eyes, characterized by proptosis, extraocular muscle involvement, and in severe cases, vision impairment including diplopia, optic neuropathy, and potential blindness. The exact etiology of TAO remains elusive; however, increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant capacity are pivotal in its pathogenesis. Elevated oxidative stress not only directly damages orbital tissues but also influences thyroid function and autoimmune responses, exacerbating tissue destruction. This review explores the role of oxidative stress in TAO, elucidates its mechanisms, and evaluates the efficacy and limitations of antioxidant therapies in managing TAO. The findings aim to enhance understanding of oxidative stress mechanisms in TAO and propose potential antioxidant strategies for future therapeutic development.

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Therapeutic Effect of Gypenosides on Antioxidant Stress Injury in Orbital Fibroblasts of Graves’ Orbitopathy

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy

Traditional Chinese medicine in thyroid-associated orbitopathy

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: the role of oxidative stress

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