Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Classical and Newer Anticonvulsants

Luke, Matthew

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385467-4.00012-9

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 158 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…Other findings were the significant increases in the levels of topiramate in both pediatric and adult participants and zonisamide in the adult participants. Topiramate is metabolized by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, whereas zonisamide is metabolized by CYP3A4 and N ‐acetyltransferase . CBD has shown inhibitory action on all CYP enzymes involved in the metabolism of these drugs, which could be the explanation for the observed interaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between cannabidiol and commonly used antiepileptic drugs

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between cannabidiol and commonly used antiepileptic drugs

et al. 2017

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A surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence reversible split aptamer biosensor

Sergelen

Liedberg

Knoll

et al. 2017

Analyst

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Surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence is reported for the readout of a heterogeneous assay that utilizes low affinity split aptamer ligands. Weak affinity ligands that reversibly interact with target analytes hold potential for facile implementation in continuous monitoring biosensor systems. This functionality is not possible without the regeneration of more commonly used assays relying on high affinity ligands and end-point measurement. In fluorescence-based sensors, the use of low affinity ligands allows avoiding this step but it imposes a challenge associated with the weak optical response to the specific capture of the target analyte which is also often masked by a strong background. The coupling of fluorophore labels with a confined field of surface plasmons is reported for strong amplification of the fluorescence signal emitted from the sensor surface and its efficient discrimination from the background. This optical scheme is demonstrated for time-resolved analysis of chosen model analytes - adenoside and adenosine triphosphate - with a split aptamer that exhibits an equilibrium affinity binding constant between 0.73 and 1.35 mM. The developed biosensor enables rapid and specific discrimination of target analyte concentration changes from low μM to mM in buffer as well as in 10% serum.

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An Insight into Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Epileptogenesis

Singh

Rehni

2021

CNSNDDT

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: Epilepsy is a second most common neurological disease with abnormal neural activity involving activation of various intracellular signalling transduction mechanisms. The molecular and system biology mechanisms responsible for epileptogenesis are not well defined or understood. Neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration & Epigenetic modification elicit epileptogensis. The excessive neuronal activities in brain are associated with neurochemical changes underlying the deleterious consequences of excitotoxicity. The prolonged repetitive excessive neuronal activities extended to brain tissue injury by activation of microglia regulating abnormal neuroglia remodelling and monocyte infiltration in response to brain lesions inducing axonal sprouting contributing to neurodegeneration. The alteration of various downstream transduction pathways resulted in intracellular stress responses associating endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction; activation of nucleases, proteases mediated neuronal death. The recently novel pharmacological agents modulate various receptors like mTOR, COX-2, TRK, JAK-STAT, epigenetic modulators and neurosteroids are used for attenuation of epileptogenesis. Whereas, the various molecular changes like mutation of cell surface, nuclear receptor and ion channels focusing repetitive episodic seizures have been explored by preclinical and clinical studies. Despite of effective pharmacotherapy for epilepsy, the inadequate understanding of precise mechanisms, drug resistance and therapeutic failure are the current fundamental problems in epilepsy. Therefore, the novel pharmacological approaches evaluated for efficacy on experimental models of epilepsy need to be identified and validated. In addition, we need to understand the downstream signalling pathways of new targets for the treatment of epilepsy. This review emphasizes on current state of novel molecular targets as therapeutic approaches and future directions for the management of epileptogenesis. Novel Pharmacological approaches and clinical exploration is essential to make new frontiers in curing epilepsy.

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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Classical and Newer Anticonvulsants

Cited by 3 publications

References 158 publications

Interactions between cannabidiol and commonly used antiepileptic drugs

Interactions between cannabidiol and commonly used antiepileptic drugs

A surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence reversible split aptamer biosensor

An Insight into Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Epileptogenesis

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