Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretrovirals for people with HIV

Point-of-Care Detection of Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV-1 in Resource-Limited Settings Using Drug Level Testing for Efavirenz, Lopinavir, and Dolutegravir: A Validation and Pharmacokinetic Simulation Study

“…Clinical trial data do not support the routine clinical use of therapeutic drug monitoring for monitoring of currently recommended ART regimens. 26 The current WHO guidelines recommend viral load monitoring as the primary method of monitoring of treatment response and define virological failure as a confirmed viral load above 1000 copies/mL. In case of virological failure on first-line ART, these guidelines advise to perform an empirical switch from first-line to second-line ART.…”

Point-of-Care Detection of Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV-1 in Resource-Limited Settings Using Drug Level Testing for Efavirenz, Lopinavir, and Dolutegravir: A Validation and Pharmacokinetic Simulation Study

“…Clinical trial data do not support the routine clinical use of therapeutic drug monitoring for monitoring of currently recommended ART regimens. 26 The current WHO guidelines recommend viral load monitoring as the primary method of monitoring of treatment response and define virological failure as a confirmed viral load above 1000 copies/mL. In case of virological failure on first-line ART, these guidelines advise to perform an empirical switch from first-line to second-line ART.…”

Biochemical and Hematological Impact of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Persons on Antiretroviral Drugs (ARDs) in Nigeria

“…In this cross-sectional study, we examined the biochemical and hematological impact of HCV on HIV infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART has been accepted as gold standard for the treatment of HIV/AIDS and has helped in changing the thinking of infected individuals from an incurable-disease to manageable chronic disease [24,25]. Although, despite the standard treatment options, HIV infection has been documented to cause several degrees of immune-pathogenesis in human and this carries enormous biochemical and hematologic changes [26].…”

Dosing Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Adults Receiving Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration

“…Although a concentration-effect relationship has been suggested for intracellular NRTI concentrations and antiretroviral efficacy, NRTIs are generally poor candidates for therapeutic drug monitoring due to the complexity of [19,20]. Drug plasma concentrations may not reflect intracellular concentrations, making it difficult to directly correlate plasma concentrations with therapeutic efficacy.…”

Point-of-Care Detection of Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV-1 in Resource-Limited Settings Using Drug Level Testing for Efavirenz, Lopinavir, and Dolutegravir: A Validation and Pharmacokinetic Simulation Study

“…Clinical trial data do not support the routine clinical use of therapeutic drug monitoring for monitoring of currently recommended ART regimens. 26 The current WHO guidelines recommend viral load monitoring as the primary method of monitoring of treatment response and define virological failure as a confirmed viral load above 1000 copies/mL. In case of virological failure on first-line ART, these guidelines advise to perform an empirical switch from first-line to second-line ART.…”

Biochemical and Hematological Impact of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Persons on Antiretroviral Drugs (ARDs) in Nigeria

“…In this cross-sectional study, we examined the biochemical and hematological impact of HCV on HIV infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART has been accepted as gold standard for the treatment of HIV/AIDS and has helped in changing the thinking of infected individuals from an incurable-disease to manageable chronic disease [24,25]. Although, despite the standard treatment options, HIV infection has been documented to cause several degrees of immune-pathogenesis in human and this carries enormous biochemical and hematologic changes [26].…”

Dosing Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Adults Receiving Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration

“…Although a concentration-effect relationship has been suggested for intracellular NRTI concentrations and antiretroviral efficacy, NRTIs are generally poor candidates for therapeutic drug monitoring due to the complexity of [19,20]. Drug plasma concentrations may not reflect intracellular concentrations, making it difficult to directly correlate plasma concentrations with therapeutic efficacy.…”

Point-of-Care Detection of Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV-1 in Resource-Limited Settings Using Drug Level Testing for Efavirenz, Lopinavir, and Dolutegravir: A Validation and Pharmacokinetic Simulation Study

“…Clinical trial data do not support the routine clinical use of therapeutic drug monitoring for monitoring of currently recommended ART regimens. 26 The current WHO guidelines recommend viral load monitoring as the primary method of monitoring of treatment response and define virological failure as a confirmed viral load above 1000 copies/mL. In case of virological failure on first-line ART, these guidelines advise to perform an empirical switch from first-line to second-line ART.…”

Biochemical and Hematological Impact of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infected Persons on Antiretroviral Drugs (ARDs) in Nigeria

“…In this cross-sectional study, we examined the biochemical and hematological impact of HCV on HIV infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART has been accepted as gold standard for the treatment of HIV/AIDS and has helped in changing the thinking of infected individuals from an incurable-disease to manageable chronic disease [24,25]. Although, despite the standard treatment options, HIV infection has been documented to cause several degrees of immune-pathogenesis in human and this carries enormous biochemical and hematologic changes [26].…”

Dosing Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Adults Receiving Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration

“…Although a concentration-effect relationship has been suggested for intracellular NRTI concentrations and antiretroviral efficacy, NRTIs are generally poor candidates for therapeutic drug monitoring due to the complexity of [19,20]. Drug plasma concentrations may not reflect intracellular concentrations, making it difficult to directly correlate plasma concentrations with therapeutic efficacy.…”