Therapeutic Contact Lens for Scavenging Excessive Reactive Oxygen Species on the Ocular Surface

Abstract

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of many eye diseases. Controlling oxidative stress by reducing the amount of ROS is a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases, particularly ocular surface diseases. Ceria nanoparticles (CeNPs) have been investigated owing to their efficient ROS-scavenging properties. To overcome the disadvantages of eyedrop administration due to rapid elimination on the surface of the eye and to retain the intrinsic properties of contact lenses, we developed an ROS-scavenging water-soluble CeNP-embedded contact lens (CeNP-CL) for the prevention of ocular surface diseases. The intrinsic ROS-scavenging property of the CeNPs, which mimicked the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, was incorporated into polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate-based contact lenses. The CeNP-CL exhibited high transparency and physical properties comparable to those of a commercial contact lens, along with excellent extracellular ROS-scavenging properties. The viabilities of human conjunctival epithelial cells and human meibomian gland epithelial cells were significantly enhanced in the presence of CeNP-CLs, even in media with high H 2 O 2 contents (100 and 500 μM). Additionally, the wearing of CeNP-CLs on the eyes had a protective effect in a mouse model when 3% H 2 O 2 eyedrops were administered. These results indicate the salvaging effect of the CeNP-CL in a high-ROS environment on the ocular surface, which may be helpful for the treatment of ocular surface diseases.

Synergic Effect of Novel WS2 Carriers Holding Spherical Cobalt Ferrite @cubic Fe3O4 (WS2/s-CoFe2O4@c-Fe3O4) Nanocomposites in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Photothermal Therapy for Ocular Treatments and Investigation of Corneal Endothelial Cell Migration

“…The nanocomposites-treated BCECs show moderate wound closures compared to the control of~33% closure and~80% after 16 h and 24 h of incubation, respectively. Our results could be supported by previous studies on investigation the effect of nanoceria conjugated with heparin that suppressed the migrations of cornea endothelial cells [54]. The representative photograph of the BCECs used as control and cells contain nanocomposites shows that the BCECs loaded the gap by their migration and not by stretching the cell via increasing the cell size.…”

“…Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 2555 6 of 17 results could be supported by previous studies on investigation the effect of nanoceria conjugated with heparin that suppressed the migrations of cornea endothelial cells [54].The representative photograph of the BCECs used as control and cells contain nanocomposites shows that the BCECs loaded the gap by their migration and not by stretching the cell via increasing the cell size. Furthermore, the result shows that the WS2/s-CoFe2O4@c-Fe3O4 nanocomposites-treated BCECs attenuate the migration in transwell migration assay [55].…”

Rational Design of Nanomaterials for Various Radiation‐Induced Diseases Prevention and Treatment

“…[ 172,173 ] However, this review did not find any literature on nanomaterial‐mediated treatments for radiation‐induced ophthalmic diseases. Nevertheless, studies on eye oxidative disease therapy, using nanomaterials through the ROS‐scavenging approach, are readily available [ 174–176 ] and provide good guidance for radiation‐induced eye disease treatments because excess ROS generation is the main cause of eye damage under radiation exposure. For instance, Zheng et al.…”

“…successfully applied a water‐soluble ceria NP‐embedded contact lens to prevent ocular surface diseases by removing excessive ROS from the ocular surface. [ 175 ] All of these ideas are good references to prompt the rational design and development of ophthalmic nanoradioprotectors. Moreover, as mentioned above, radiation‐induced esophagus, bladder, liver and spleen diseases also often occur in clinics, but research on their treatments by nanomaterials is still rare.…”

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering

“…This nanoceria-containing lens demonstrated outstanding extracellular ROS scavenging properties and protective effects in a mouse model after the administration of 3% H 2 O 2 eye drops, along with a high comparable transparency and physical properties to those of a commercial contact lens. The results of this study indicated that this novel nanoceria-containing lens could be useful in the treatment of ocular surface diseases [ 146 ].…”