Therapeutic Approaches to Pregnancy Loss of Non‐infectious Cause During the Late Embryonic/Early Foetal Period in Dairy Cattle. A Review

Bech-Sàbat, G.; García-Ispierto, Irina; Yániz, J.L.; López‐Gatius, F.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01562.x

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…This agrees with literature from the past 20 years, where occurrence of pregnancy loss persistently peaks during the first three months of pregnancy. [10][11][12] A particular study shows for instance, that over 90% of fetal losses in dairy cattle in Spain, calculated from pregnancy diagnosis at day 30 postinsemination, occur before day 90 of gestation. 11 It is important to note that initial gestational age should be considered when calculating the abortion index, since early embryonic or fetal deaths can go unnoticed when methods for pregancy diagnosis of such as rectal palpation are used (between days 45 and 50 of gestation).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic impact of pregnancy loss in an intensive dairy farming system

et al. 2019

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Occurrence of pregnancy loss and the related economic impact were determined in an intensively managed dairy herd. A total of 3,204 cow and heifer pregnancies were included over a two year period. Pregnancy loss was considered when: (1) cows or heifers that were diagnosed as pregnant by transrectal palpation, on days 50 to 50 postinsemination returned to estrus; (2) animals were found not to be pregnant at diagnosis confirmation on day 90, day 180, or during the drying-off period; and (3) if an abortion was clinically diagnosed. Data were analyzed through descriptive epidemiology and by survival analysis with the Kaplan-Meier method. The estimated cost of a single pregnancy loss was determined by the Monte Carlo methodology. Overall, 17.2% of cows (372/2,162) and 6.5% of heifers (68/1,042) had pregnany losses; the greater risk being in the first 90 days of gestation for cows (5.3/100 and 8.3/100 pregnancies in 2012 and 2013, respectively). Occurrence of pregnancy loss in heifers was also higher during the first trimester of gestation (1.7/100) in 2013. However, the pregnancy loss incidence peaked, between days 120 and 150 of gestation (1.7/100) in 2012. The cost of a single pregnancy loss during the first trimester was estimated at $5,253.00 (Mexican pesos), between days 91 and 180 at $9,674.00; and for over 181 days at $21,984.00. In conclusion, overall pregnancy loss rate in the studied herd was 17.2% for cows and 6.5% for heifers. The highest incidence of pregnancy loss occurred during the first 90 days of pregnancy. Thus, pregnancy loss may be the main reproductive cause affecting profitability of intensive dairy farming systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic impact of pregnancy loss in an intensive dairy farming system

et al. 2019

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“…Similarly, as GnRH treatment at pregnancy diagnosis in cows carrying twins favors pregnancy maintenance (Bech-Sàbat et al, 2010;, the effects of a double GnRH dose on pregnancy survival in twin pregnancies was recently investigated . However, in high producing dairy cows carrying twins, a single or double GnRH dose given at pregnancy diagnosis returned similar pregnancy loss rates and reduced the risk of pregnancy loss up to three times compared to untreated cows .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GnRH analogue dephereline given in a fixed-time AI protocol improves ovulation and embryo survival in dairy cows

García-Ispierto

Rensis

Pérez-Salas³

et al. 2019

Research in Veterinary Science

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“…Studies have shown that GnRH or hCG treatment applied at the time of pregnancy diagnosis (i.e., 28–40 days) has no apparent effect on the subsequent pregnancy loss rate in cows carrying singletons [13] or other pregnancy types [14, 15]. However, it has been established that GnRH treatment in cows carrying twins favors pregnancy maintenance [6, 16]. In a previous study, it was found that GnRH treatment promoted twin reduction compared to progesterone-based treatment, but this study did not include untreated control cows [13].…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of a single or double GnRH dose on pregnancy survival in high producing dairy cows carrying singletons or twins

García-Ispierto

López‐Gatius

2018

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Pregnancy loss during the late embryonic and early fetal periods influences dairy herd economy. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the effects of a single or double GnRH dose administered at the time of pregnancy diagnosis (28-34 days post-AI) on the pregnancy survival of cows in their third lactation or further carrying live singletons or unilateral twins, and (2) examine the impacts of GnRH treatment on subsequent twin reduction in twin pregnancies. Cows carrying singletons (n = 1,054) or unilateral twins (n = 379) were assigned at the time of pregnancy diagnosis to the following groups: control (no treatment), GnRH (100 μg GnRH), and 2GnRH (200 μg GnRH). Pregnancy loss was recorded in 180 of the 1,433 cows (12.6%) at 58-64 days post-AI. Based on the odds ratios, there was a significant (P < 0.0001) interaction between the treatment group and twin pregnancy. This interaction implies that control cows carrying twins were 3.2 times more likely to suffer pregnancy loss than the other cows, whereas the GnRH and 2GnRH treatment groups cows carrying singletons or twins had pregnancy loss rates similar to the control cows carrying singletons. Twin reduction was observed in 35 twin pregnancies (9.2%). Cows in the GnRH and 2 GnRH groups were seven times more likely to show twin reduction than control cows. Our results indicate that GnRH administered at the time of pregnancy diagnosis had no beneficial effects in cows carrying singletons. In contrast, for twin pregnancies, the treatment increased the rate of pregnancy survival and was accompanied by an increase in the twin reduction rate.

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Therapeutic Approaches to Pregnancy Loss of Non‐infectious Cause During the Late Embryonic/Early Foetal Period in Dairy Cattle. A Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Economic impact of pregnancy loss in an intensive dairy farming system

Economic impact of pregnancy loss in an intensive dairy farming system

The GnRH analogue dephereline given in a fixed-time AI protocol improves ovulation and embryo survival in dairy cows

The effects of a single or double GnRH dose on pregnancy survival in high producing dairy cows carrying singletons or twins

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