Therapeutic Application of Stem Cells in the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury

Adugna, Dagnew Getnet; Aragie, Hailu; Kibret, Anteneh Ayelign; Belay, Daniel Gashaneh

doi:10.2147/sccaa.s369577

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…The neurogenic regenerative capacity of endogenous neural progenitor cells has been reported in brain injury models in animal and in human studies (Macas et al, 2006;Sun, 2016). In the adult brain, endogenous neural stem cells are primarily localized to the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (Gage et al, 1998;Adugna et al, 2022). Recent studies targeting approaches to enhance the proliferation of these endogenous neural stem cells after TBI have demonstrated promising results.…”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transplantation of exogenous stem cells is also being investigated as a way to overcome the limited regenerative capabilities of the brain after TBI (Dekmak et al, 2018). Exogenous stem cell transplantation has been shown to accelerate immature neuronal development and increase endogenous cellular proliferation in damaged brain regions (Tajiri et al, 2013;Ngwenya et al, 2018;Adugna et al, 2022). Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are multipotent stem cells with self-renewal and multidifferentiation abilities.…”

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms, manifestations, and visual sequelae

et al. 2023

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results when external physical forces impact the head with sufficient intensity to cause damage to the brain. TBI can be mild, moderate, or severe and may have long-term consequences including visual difficulties, cognitive deficits, headache, pain, sleep disturbances, and post-traumatic epilepsy. Disruption of the normal functioning of the brain leads to a cascade of effects with molecular and anatomical changes, persistent neuronal hyperexcitation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal loss. Destructive processes that occur at the cellular and molecular level lead to inflammation, oxidative stress, calcium dysregulation, and apoptosis. Vascular damage, ischemia and loss of blood brain barrier integrity contribute to destruction of brain tissue. This review focuses on the cellular damage incited during TBI and the frequently life-altering lasting effects of this destruction on vision, cognition, balance, and sleep. The wide range of visual complaints associated with TBI are addressed and repair processes where there is potential for intervention and neuronal preservation are highlighted.

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Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms, manifestations, and visual sequelae

et al. 2023

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“…There are high hopes for the use of MSCs derived from the umbilical cord, among others, in the treatment of ischemic stroke or myocardial damage. [11][12][13] However, there is still a lack of studies evaluating how clinical parameters related to the course of pregnancy and delivery affect the secretory properties of mesenchymal stem cells of the umbilical cord.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are high hopes for the use of MSCs derived from the umbilical cord, among others, in the treatment of ischemic stroke or myocardial damage. 11–13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VEGF Expression in Umbilical Cord MSC Depends on the Patient’s Health, the Week of Pregnancy in Which the Delivery Took Place, and the Body Weight of the Newborn – Preliminary Report

Bieńko¹,

Wójcik²,

Więckowska³

et al. 2023

SCCAA

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Introduction: Cells collected from Wharton's jelly are a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells. They can be easily obtained and grown using the adhesive method. They produce many types of proteins, including VEGF. Their role is to participate in angiogenesis, vasodilation, stimulation of cells to migrate, and chemotactic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate expression of genes from the vascular endothelial growth factor family: VEGFA, VEGFB and VEGFC in MSC and the analysis of dependence of the expression of the studied genes on clinical factors related to the course of pregnancy and childbirth, and health of mother and child. Material and Methods: The research material was an umbilical cord obtained from 40 patients hospitalized in the Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy of the Independent Public Clinical Hospital No.1 in Lublin. The age of the women was 21-46, all gave birth by cesarean section. Some of the patients suffered from hypertension and hypothyroidism. Material collected from patients immediately after delivery was subjected to enzymatic digestion with type I collagenase. The isolated cells were then cultured in adherent conditions, and then gene expression was assessed using qPCR and the immunophenotype of the cells was assessed cytometrically.Results: Conducted studies have shown significant differences in expression of VEGF family genes depending on clinical condition of mother and child. Significant differences in VEGF-family gene expression level in umbilical cord MSC collected from women with hypothyroidism, hypertension, time of labor and birth weight of the baby were shown. Conclusion:Probably due to hypoxia (caused, for example, by hypothyroidism or hypertension), the MSCs found in the umbilical cord may react with an increased expression of VEGF and a compensatory increase in the amount of secreted factor, the aim of which is, i.a., vasodilation and increase of blood supply to the fetus through the umbilical vessels.

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“…Besides embryonic stem cells, mesenchyme stem cells, adult multipotential progenitor cells (AMPC) (multi-potent adult progenitor cells, MAPCs), and SP stem cells have been identified in bone marrow (lateral population cells) (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Process of Stem Cells in Modern Biology

Shahid¹,

Rehman²,

Hyder³

et al. 2022

PJMHS

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Stem cells have a wide range of traits, including the ability to self-renewal and differential interactions between various cell types that vary with their location within tissue and their immediate surroundings. Inhibitors of both are influenced by the cell cycle, genes involved in chromosomal rearrangements, critical developmental proteins, and signaling pathways. Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog Pathways, BMI-1, OCT3/4, ARF, NANOG, p16Ink4a, and this includes HOXB4, SOX2, and their homologous paralog, govern self-renewal. Stem cells and their molecular pathways that regulate self-renewal and differentiation hold great promise for theoretical and practical studies. Keyword: gene regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation genes for BMI-1, NANOG, OCT3, OCT4, p16Ink4a, SOX2, microenvironment, ARF protein proteins 1 (hedgehog), proteins 2 (Wnt.), and receptors 3 (notch).

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Therapeutic Application of Stem Cells in the Repair of Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 10 publications

References 93 publications

Traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms, manifestations, and visual sequelae

Traumatic brain injury: Mechanisms, manifestations, and visual sequelae

VEGF Expression in Umbilical Cord MSC Depends on the Patient’s Health, the Week of Pregnancy in Which the Delivery Took Place, and the Body Weight of the Newborn – Preliminary Report

Molecular Process of Stem Cells in Modern Biology

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