Therapeutic and persistent efficacy of spinosad applied as a pour-on or a topical spray against natural infestations of chewing and sucking lice on cattle

White, W. Hunter; Hutchens, Douglas E.; Jones, Carl J.; Firkins, Lawrence D.; Paul, Allan; Smith, Larry L.; Snyder, Daniel E.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.08.037

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…SPI has contact activity on all life stages of insects, including eggs [291], larvae and adults. Eggs must be sprayed directly but larvae and adults can be effectively dosed through contact with treated surfaces [292]. SPI is most effective when ingested.…”

Section: Ecotoxicity Of Spinosynsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Toxicity and Non-Target Effects of Macrocyclic Lactones in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments

Lumaret

Errouissi²,

Floate³

et al. 2012

CPB

282

215

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The avermectins, milbemycins and spinosyns are collectively referred to as macrocyclic lactones (MLs) which comprise several classes of chemicals derived from cultures of soil micro-organisms. These compounds are extensively and increasingly used in veterinary medicine and agriculture. Due to their potential effects on non-target organisms, large amounts of information on their impact in the environment has been compiled in recent years, mainly caused by legal requirements related to their marketing authorization or registration. The main objective of this paper is to critically review the present knowledge about the acute and chronic ecotoxicological effects of MLs on organisms, mainly invertebrates, in the terrestrial and aquatic environment. Detailed information is presented on the mode-of-action as well as the ecotoxicity of the most important compounds representing the three groups of MLs. This information, based on more than 360 references, is mainly provided in nine tables, presenting the effects of abamectin, ivermectin, eprinomectin, doramectin, emamectin, moxidectin, and spinosad on individual species of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates as well as plants and algae. Since dung dwelling organisms are particularly important non-targets, as they are exposed via dung from treated animals over their whole life-cycle, the information on the effects of MLs on dung communities is compiled in an additional table. The results of this review clearly demonstrate that regarding environmental impacts many macrocyclic lactones are substances of high concern particularly with larval instars of invertebrates. Recent studies have also shown that susceptibility varies with life cycle stage and impacts can be mitigated by using MLs when these stages are not present. However information on the environmental impact of the MLs is scattered across a wide range of specialised scientific journals with research focusing mainly on ivermectin and to a lesser extent on abamectin doramectin and moxidectin. By comparison, information on compounds such as eprinomectin, emamectin and selamectin is still relatively scarce.

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Section: Ecotoxicity Of Spinosynsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Toxicity and Non-Target Effects of Macrocyclic Lactones in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments

Lumaret

Errouissi²,

Floate³

et al. 2012

CPB

282

215

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…60 The spinosyn family of insecticides HA Kirst of hornflies and both sucking and chewing lice on cattle, and Elector PSP was approved for control of beetles and flies on agricultural animal premises. [62][63][64] Ticks are another major blood-feeding parasite for which novel acaricides are needed. Spinosad has shown activity against several tick species in laboratory assays and has been analyzed for potential efficacy against Boophilus ticks on cattle.…”

Section: Insecticidal Activity Of Spinosadmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spinosyn family of insecticides: realizing the potential of natural products research

Kirst¹

2010

J Antibiot

269

163

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The spinosyns are a large family of unprecedented compounds produced from fermentation of two species of Saccharopolyspora. Their core structure is a polyketide-derived tetracyclic macrolide appended with two saccharides. They show potent insecticidal activities against many commercially significant species that cause extensive damage to crops and other plants. They also show activity against important external parasites of livestock, companion animals and humans. Spinosad is a defined combination of the two principal fermentation factors, spinosyns A and D. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) have been extensively studied, leading to development of a semisynthetic second-generation derivative, spinetoram. The spinosyns have a unique mechanism of action (MOA) involving disruption of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. When compared with many other insecticides, the spinosyns generally show greater selectivity toward target insects and lesser activity against many beneficial predators as well as mammals and other aquatic and avian animals. Their insecticidal spectrum, unique MOA and lower environmental effect make them useful new agents for modern integrated pest management programs. As a result, this work has received U S Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards.

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“…In the past, louse used to be controlled through various insecticides [ 8 , 9 ], but recently, new strategies for their control have been developed [ 8 ]. For example, lice on cattle have effectively been treated with a variety of insecticide chemistries, including topically applied formamidines, organophosphates, and synthetic pyrethroids, as well as topical or injectable macrocyclic lactones [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria

Meguini¹,

Righi²,

Zeroual³

et al. 2018

Vet World

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Background and Aim:Lice are permanent ectoparasites, extremely specific to their hosts. Their great importance in veterinary medicine remain significant, they can cause their direct pathogenic actions like irritability, dermatitis, anemia, decreased weight gain, and milk production. The purpose of this work was to made the first time an inventory of mammalian lice in North-eastern Algeria.Materials and Methods:Our survey of lice infestation was conducted on several animal species from five provinces of North-eastern Algeria. A total of 57 cattle, 83 sheep, 77 goats, 111 wild boars, and 63 farmyard chickens were examined. The collection of lice was carried out much more in mammals and chickens during the winter period. Lice were collected either manually or using brushing and kept in flasks containing 70% ethanol. The identification of lice was achieved in the laboratory using a binocular loupe.Results:Concerning cattle, 63% and 27% of those examined subjects from Souk-Ahras and Guelma study areas, respectively, were carriers of lice. Damalinia bovis was the louse most frequently found on cattle in these two regions. Three other species were identified in Souk-Ahras: Haematopinus eurysternus (25%), Linognathus vituli (10%), and Solenopotes capillatus (5%). Regarding sheep, 39% and 24% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were carrying lice. Damalinia ovis was the most frequently encountered lice on sheep in both regions. Linognathus ovillus also was identified in Souk-Ahras, representing 0.3% of the collected lice. Concerning goats, 53% and 30% of examined animals in Souk-Ahras and Guelma, were parasitized of lice. Two species of lice were found: Damalinia caprae and Linognathus africanus. For farmyard chickens, 69% and 100% of the farmyard chicken in Souk-Ahras and Mila were parasitized by lice, respectively. Menopon gallinae was the most frequently encountered louse in farmyard chicken in both regions. Eight other species were identified in Mila and four other species only in Souk-Ahras. Finally, 25% and 28% of the wild boars in Annaba and El Tarf were parasitized by lice, respectively. Haematopinus suis was the only species found on wild boars in both regions.Conclusion:These results are to be taken into account for lice control schemes and louse-borne diseases.

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Therapeutic and persistent efficacy of spinosad applied as a pour-on or a topical spray against natural infestations of chewing and sucking lice on cattle

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

A Review on the Toxicity and Non-Target Effects of Macrocyclic Lactones in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments

A Review on the Toxicity and Non-Target Effects of Macrocyclic Lactones in Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments

The spinosyn family of insecticides: realizing the potential of natural products research

Inventory of lice of mammals and farmyard chicken in North-eastern Algeria

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