Theranostic Nanoparticles and Their Spectrum in Cancer

Onaciu, Anca; Jurj, Ancuța; Moldovan, Cristian; Berindan‐Neagoe, Ioana

doi:10.5772/intechopen.88097

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 243 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…Theranostic nanomedicine has the potential to overcome the side effects and the inefficiency of some therapies [134]. They have advanced capabilities targeted delivery, controlled release, higher transport efficiency by endocytosis, smart delivery, synergetic performance, and multimodality diagnosis [135].…”

Section: Theranosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have advanced capabilities targeted delivery, controlled release, higher transport efficiency by endocytosis, smart delivery, synergetic performance, and multimodality diagnosis [135]. For this reason, studies have developed using polymers with magnetic materials like NPs [134,135]. Using MNPs of Fe 3 O 4 and the carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) biopolymer could induce significant cancer cell death when an alternating magnetic field is applied [136].…”

Section: Theranosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between Filler and Polymeric Matrix in Nanocomposites: Magnetic Approach and Applications

et al. 2021

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In recent years, polymer nanocomposites produced by combining nanofillers and a polymeric matrix are emerging as interesting materials. Polymeric composites have a wide range of applications due to the outstanding and enhanced properties that are obtained thanks to the introduction of nanoparticles. Therefore, understanding the filler-matrix relationship is an important factor in the continued growth of this scientific area and the development of new materials with desired properties and specific applications. Due to their performance in response to a magnetic field magnetic nanocomposites represent an important class of functional nanocomposites. Due to their properties, magnetic nanocomposites have found numerous applications in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, theranostics, etc. This article aims to provide an overview of the filler-polymeric matrix relationship, with a special focus on magnetic nanocomposites and their potential applications in the biomedical field.

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Section: Theranosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theranosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Filler and Polymeric Matrix in Nanocomposites: Magnetic Approach and Applications

et al. 2021

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“…For the radioresistant tumors, on the other hand, a non-reduced dose can be applied to enhance damage to the tumor with preserved protection of the normal tissues. Moreover, as GNPs are internalized by tumor cells even passively and therefore enriched in tumors [22][23][24][25][26][27], they can be simultaneously used for tumor radiosensitization and precise imaging [28] for monitoring of radiotherapy procedures (theranostics) [29]. In addition, GNPs provide a large room for surface functionalization, which allows their targeting to specific cellular organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum [14], or association with various (anti-cancer) drugs [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Low Concentrations of Gold Nanoparticles: Complex Effects on Radiation Response and Fate of Cancer Cells

et al. 2022

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(1) Background: In oncology research, a long-standing discussion exists about pros and cons of metal nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy and real mechanisms behind the tumor cell response to irradiation (IR) in presence of gold nanoparticles (GNPs). A better understanding of this response is, however, necessary to develop more efficient and safety nanoparticle (NP) types designed to disturb specific processes in tumor cells. (2) Aims and Methods: We combined 3D confocal microscopy and super-resolution single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) to analyze, at the multiscale, the early and late effects of 10 nm-GNPs on DNA double strand break (DSB) induction and repair in tumor cells exposed to different doses of photonic low-LET (linear energy transfer) radiation. The results were correlated to different aspects of short and long-term cell viability. SkBr3 breast cancer cells (selected for the highest incidence of this cancer type among all cancers in women, and because most breast tumors are treated with IR) were incubated with low concentrations of GNPs and irradiated with 60Co γ-rays or 6 MV X-rays. In numerous post-irradiation (PI) times, ranging from 0.5 to 24 h PI, the cells were spatially (3D) fixed and labeled with specific antibodies against γH2AX, 53BP1 and H3K9me3. The extent of DSB induction, multi-parametric micro- and nano-morphology of γH2AX and 53BP1 repair foci, DSB repair kinetics, persistence of unrepaired DSBs, nanoscale clustering of γH2AX and nanoscale (hetero)chromatin re-organization were measured by means of the mentioned microscopy techniques in dependence of radiation dose and GNP concentration. (3) Results: The number of γH2AX/53BP1 signals increased after IR and an additional increase was observed in GNP-treated (GNP(+)) cells compared to untreated controls. However, this phenomenon reflected slight expansion of the G2-phase cell subpopulation in irradiated GNP(+) specimens instead of enhanced DNA damage induction by GNPs. This statement is further supported by some micro- and nano-morphological parameters of γH2AX/53BP1 foci, which slightly differed for cells irradiated in absence or presence of GNPs. At the nanoscale, Ripley’s distance frequency analysis of SMLM signal coordinate matrices also revealed relaxation of heterochromatin (H3K9me3) clusters upon IR. These changes were more prominent in presence of GNPs. The slight expansion of radiosensitive G2 cells correlated with mostly insignificant but systematic decrease in post-irradiation survival of GNP(+) cells. Interestingly, low GNP concentrations accelerated DSB repair kinetics; however, the numbers of persistent γH2AX/53BP1 repair foci were slightly increased in GNP(+) cells. (4) Conclusions: Low concentrations of 10-nm GNPs enhanced the G2/M cell cycle arrest and the proportion of radiosensitive G2 cells, but not the extent of DNA damage induction. GNPs also accelerated DSB repair kinetics and slightly increased presence of unrepaired γH2AX/53BP1 foci at 24 h PI. GNP-mediated cell effects correlated with slight radiosensitization of GNP(+) specimens, significant only for the highest radiation dose tested (4 Gy).

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“…Theranostics has a high potential to develop personalized medicine, since it combines diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities into a multicomponent platform, thus offering enhanced specific targeting, therapeutic efficacy, and real-time imaging of the therapeutic process [1]. Several classes of GO nanosheets in dispersions and affects agglomeration of graphene oxide layers, thus influencing significantly the stability of GO nanosheets in the suspension [51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theranostic Nanoplatforms of Thiolated Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets and Gold Nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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In this study, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced-thiolated GO (rGOSH) were used as 2D substrate to fabricate nanocomposites with nanoparticles of gold nanospheres (AuNS) or nanorods (AuNR), via in situ reduction of the metal salt precursor and seed-mediated growth processes. The plasmonic sensing capability of the gold-decorated nanosheets were scrutinized by UV-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed in order to prove the actual reduction that occurred concomitantly with the thiolation of GO, the increase in the hydrophobic character as well as the size, and preferential gathering of the gold nanoparticles onto the nanosheet substrates, respectively. Moreover, the theoretical electronic and infrared absorption (UV-VIS and IR) spectra were calculated within a time-dependent approach of density functional theory (DFT). Eventually, in vitro cellular experiments on human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y line) were carried out in order to evaluate the nanotoxicity of the nanocomposites by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tetrazolium reduction (MTT) colorimetric assay. Results pointed out the promising potential of these hybrids as plasmonic theranostic platforms with different hydrophilic or hydrophobic features as well as cytotoxic effects against cancer cells.

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Theranostic Nanoparticles and Their Spectrum in Cancer

Cited by 9 publications

References 243 publications

Interaction between Filler and Polymeric Matrix in Nanocomposites: Magnetic Approach and Applications

Interaction between Filler and Polymeric Matrix in Nanocomposites: Magnetic Approach and Applications

Incorporation of Low Concentrations of Gold Nanoparticles: Complex Effects on Radiation Response and Fate of Cancer Cells

Theranostic Nanoplatforms of Thiolated Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets and Gold Nanoparticles

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