Theranostic Biomarkers for Schizophrenia

Perković, Matea Nikolac; Erjavec, Gordana Nedić; Štrac, Dubravka Švob; Uzun, Suzana; Kozumplik, Oliver; Pivac, Nela

doi:10.3390/ijms18040733

Cited by 90 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 387 publications

(498 reference statements)

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“…Our research data provide further evidence that the treatment decisions for the individual schizophrenic patients are more correct if they are guided by the objectively measured LMPs . Such an objective and quantitative evaluation at a single‐patient level is in line with the modern tendency for personalized and precision medicine in the psychiatric neuroscience research, aimed at replacing the traditional categorical diagnostic approach with a more dimensional one that looks for “theranostic” rather than for diagnostic biomarkers . It is interesting to note that just in the last few years the motor dimension was proposed to be included in the translational psychiatric neuroscience research .…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of the Translational Equilibriometricmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Evaluating such subclinical combinations of qualitative and quantitative locomotor abnormalities could allow us to make more reliable predictions for more appropriate drug therapy and its more accurate dosage, which might lead to individualized or personalized treatment strategies . On the other hand, the diversity of possible locomotor combinations could explain why the individual reactions to one and the same antipsychotic treatment might vary from patient to patient and why these individual reactions are more predictable by objective evaluation of the patient's motor abnormalities . As we consider the schizotaxic LMPs as locomotor biomarkers for early detection of vulnerability to develop schizophrenia, such an approach links our findings with the classical neuroscience tradition of translational animal research in psychiatry .…”

Section: Translational Implications Of the Objective Locomotor Evaluamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[59][60][61][62][63][64] On the other hand, the diversity of possible locomotor combinations could explain why the individual reactions to one and the same antipsychotic treatment might vary from patient to patient and why these individual reactions are more predictable by objective evaluation of the patient's motor abnormalities. 46,[68][69][70][71][72] As we consider the schizotaxic LMPs as locomotor biomarkers for early detection of vulnerability to develop schizophrenia, such an approach links our findings with the classical neuroscience tradition of translational animal research in psychiatry. 60,[72][73][74][75][76] Since the locomotor behaviour is frequently used as an objectively measurable biomarker for testing novel experimental drugs in animal models of psychiatric disorders, 72,73 the discovered subclinical locomotor abnormalities might be viewed as a translational human equivalent of these animal models.…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of the Translational Equilibriometrimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Objective and quantitative equilibriometric evaluation of individual locomotor behaviour in schizophrenia: Translational and clinical implications

Haralanov

Haralanova

Milushev

et al. 2018

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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Psychiatry is the only medical specialty that lacks clinically applicable biomarkers for objective evaluation of the existing pathology at a single-patient level. On the basis of an original translational equilibriometric method for evaluation of movement patterns, we have introduced in the everyday clinical practice of psychiatry an easy-to-perform computerized objective quantification of the individual locomotor behaviour during execution of the Unterberger stepping test. For the last 20 years, we have gradually collected a large database of more than 1000 schizophrenic patients, their relatives, and matched psychiatric, neurological, and healthy controls via cross-sectional and longitudinal investigations. Comparative analyses revealed transdiagnostic locomotor similarities among schizophrenic patients, high-risk schizotaxic individuals, and neurological patients with multiple sclerosis and cerebellar ataxia, thus suggesting common underlying brain mechanisms. In parallel, intradiagnostic dissimilarities were revealed, which allow to separate out subclinical locomotor subgroups within the diagnostic categories. Prototypical qualitative (dysmetric and ataxic) locomotor abnormalities in schizophrenic patients were differentiated from 2 atypical quantitative ones, manifested as either hypolocomotion or hyperlocomotion. Theoretical analyses suggested that these 3 subtypes of locomotor abnormalities could be conceived as objectively measurable biomarkers of 3 schizophrenic subgroups with dissimilar brain mechanisms, which require different treatment strategies. Analogies with the prominent role of locomotor measures in some well-known animal models of mental disorders advocate for a promising objective translational research in the so far over-subjective field of psychiatry. Distinctions among prototypical, atypical, and diagnostic biomarkers, as well as between neuromotor and psychomotor locomotor abnormalities, are discussed. Conclusions are drawn about the translational and clinical implications of the new approach and its future perspectives.

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Section: Clinical Implications Of the Translational Equilibriometricmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Translational Implications Of the Objective Locomotor Evaluamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Implications Of the Translational Equilibriometrimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Objective and quantitative equilibriometric evaluation of individual locomotor behaviour in schizophrenia: Translational and clinical implications

Haralanov

Haralanova

Milushev

et al. 2018

Evaluation Clinical Practice

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“…And these assessments are subject to subjective factors. Due to our limited understanding of the origin and pathogenesis of the disease, we have not yet maken the full use of these changes as a potential biomarker and therapeutic targets [4]. Therefore, development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is an urgent task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical significance of serum free DNA concentration detection in patients with schizophrenia

Chen¹,

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Cell-free DNA(cf-DNA) has been described as an effectived biomarker in autoimmune disease, which mainly due to the release of apoptotic cells. In this study, we hypothesized and explored the relationship between cf-DNA and the influencing factors of the appearance and development of schizophrenia, so as to provide the basis for further research, prevention and treatment. Methods: We analysed and compared the concentration of cf-DNA in 174 schizophrenia patients and matched 100 healthy controls using quantitative real-time PCR by amplifying the Alu repeats. Results: We found that cf-DNA levels in peripheral blood reliably distinguished schizophrenia from a normal control group. In addition, we found by tracking the median absolute concentration of serum cf-DNA in primary cases, we found a distinct increase at prior treatment and it then decreased progressively at post treatment. Conclusions: Our study quantified cf-DNA in SZ patients serum by using conventional RT-qPCR. The detection of cf-DNA concentration was valuable for monitoring disease duration of SZ patients and laid a foundation for the study of the molecular mechanism of SZ disease.

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“…hormones, neurotransmitters or cytokines) and easily available body fluids such as plasma /serum, urine or cerebrospinal fluid (5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"A Review on Biochemical Aspects of Schizophrenia"

2017

IJCRR

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Schizophrenia is a severe disorder affecting the brain. Defective neurotransmitters and altered neurotransmission system maybe one of the various causes for this psychiatric disease. There are several hypotheses explaining the development of schizophrenia. However, recently the role of oxidative stress and inflammation causing some irreversible alterations in the brain tissue are an explanation to the development of schizophrenia.Oxidative stress is a condition caused due to imbalance between the excessively produced free radicals and antioxidant system of the body. The brain is vulnerable to the damage caused by oxidative stress indicated by elevated levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress. There are research studies confirming the undoubted effects of antipsychotics treatment on the oxidative stress prevalent in schizophrenic patients.The interplay of cytokines, interleukins and T-cells in inflammation causes development of elevated levels of free radicals which are potentially toxic to the neurons. Thus increased oxidative stress triggers inflammation whereas redox balance causes inhibition of cellular response. The brain is protected form toxic free radicals by the inherent antioxidant defense mechanism.The current therapeutic modality suggests the synergistic action of omega -3-fatty acids intake in the diet as well as regular doses of antipsychotics taken in combination as a treatment of Schizophrenia. The omega -3-fatty acids affects and elevates the antioxidant defense mechanisms in schizophrenic patients. This will improve the schizophrenic disease condition, status and further prognosis.

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Theranostic Biomarkers for Schizophrenia

Cited by 90 publications

References 387 publications

Objective and quantitative equilibriometric evaluation of individual locomotor behaviour in schizophrenia: Translational and clinical implications

Objective and quantitative equilibriometric evaluation of individual locomotor behaviour in schizophrenia: Translational and clinical implications

The clinical significance of serum free DNA concentration detection in patients with schizophrenia

"A Review on Biochemical Aspects of Schizophrenia"

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