Theory of mind and psychoses

Doody, Gillian A.; Götz, Mario E.; Johnstone, Eve C.; Frith, C. D.; Owens, D. G. C.

doi:10.1017/s003329179700648x

Cited by 251 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Doody et al (1998) found that the schizophrenics' deficit in second-order ToM did not correlate with their IQ, while Pickup and Frith (2001) found a ToM impairment only in a second-order task and it was associated with low IQ. Brüne (2003) found a correlation between the verbal IQ of schizophrenic subjects and their performance at ToM tasks; the correlation still existed when the IQ of the subjects and of the controls was matched.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A large body of empirical evidence appears to support Frith's hypothesis: schizophrenic subjects perform worse than normal at several types of ToM tasks (Corcoran, Mercer, & Frith, 1995;Doody, Götz, Johnstone, Frith, & Cunningham Owens, 1998;Frith & Corcoran, 1996;Mazza, De Risio, Surian, Roncone, & Casacchia, 2001;Mazza, De Risio, Tozzini, Roncone, & mental states, both of her own and of the others. Beside what has been discussed in the previous section, another major reason why Th.o.m.a.s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Th.o.m.a.s.: An exploratory assessment of Theory of Mind in schizophrenic subjects

Bosco

Colle

Fazio

et al. 2009

Consciousness and Cognition

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a b s t r a c t A large body of literature agrees that persons with schizophrenia suffer from a Theory of Mind (ToM) deficit. However, most empirical studies have focused on third-person, egocentric ToM, underestimating other facets of this complex cognitive skill. Aim of this research is to examine the ToM of schizophrenic persons considering its various aspects (first-vs. second-order, first-vs. third-person, egocentric vs. allocentric, beliefs vs. desires vs. positive emotions vs. negative emotions and how each of these mental state types may be dealt with), to determine whether some components are more impaired than others. We developed a Theory of Mind Assessment Scale (Th.o.m.a.s.) and administered it to 22 persons with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia and a matching control group. Th.o.-m.a.s. is a semi-structured interview which allows a multi-component measurement of ToM. Both groups were also administered a few existing ToM tasks and the schizophrenic subjects were administered the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale and the WAIS-R. The schizophrenic persons performed worse than control at all the ToM measurements; however, these deficits appeared to be differently distributed among different components of ToM.Our conclusion is that ToM deficits are not unitary in schizophrenia, which also testifies to the importance of a complete and articulated investigation of ToM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Th.o.m.a.s.: An exploratory assessment of Theory of Mind in schizophrenic subjects

Bosco

Colle

Fazio

et al. 2009

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…So far, little is known about social cognition in major depression on more complex socially relevant tasks, such as false-belief or humor processing tasks. Doody et al (1998) administered false belief tasks to patients with schizo-phrenia, learning disability, and affective disorders. Those who were depressed showed generally intact performance on false belief tasks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive function, mentalizing and humor in major depression

Uekermann

Channon

Lehmkämper

et al. 2007

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

124

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Major depression is associated with cognitive deficits including memory, executive functions, and affect perception, which have been linked to dysfunction of fronto-subcortical networks. However, little is known about social cognition on more complex socially relevant tasks, such as humor processing. In this investigation a computerized humor-processing task was administered to 27 patients with a diagnosis of major depression (Dep) and 27 healthy controls (HC). Theory of mind (mentalizing) and executive functions were also assessed. Both groups were similar in IQ, age, and gender. Depressed patients performed below the control group with respect to both affective and cognitive aspects of humor processing, and these were related to mentalizing and executive performance. Our findings suggest social cognition deficits in major depression. Ability to process humor and appreciate mentalistic perspectives may in turn influence social interactions and should be given consideration in therapeutic approaches to depression. (JINS, 2008, 14, 55-62.)

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“…Corcoran 2003;Corcoran & Frith, 2003;Frith, 2004), even at a first episode of psychosis (Bertrand, et al, 2007). There is also a growing body of research into ToM performance in affective disorders (Bonshtein et al, 2006;Bora et al, 2005;Bora et al, 2009;Corcoran et al 2008;Doody et al, 1998;Kerr et al, 2003;Inoue et al, 2006;Lahera et al, 2008;Malhi et al, 2008;Montag et al 2010;Schenkel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Adults With Grandiose Delusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%