Theory of core-collapse supernovae

Janka, Hans‐Thomas; Langanke, K.; Marek, Andreas; Martı́nez-Pinedo, G.; Müller, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2007.02.002

Cited by 815 publications

(822 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(347 reference statements)

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“…As it propagates out the shock suffers severe energy losses dissociating Fe nuclei into free nucleons (∼ 1.7 × 10 51 erg/0.1M ), consuming its entire kinetic energy inside the iron core (it stalls at ∼ 100 − 200 km), becoming a standing accretion shock in a few ms. There is still debate about the exact mechanism and conditions for a successful explosion, but it is commonly accepted that the standing shock has to be revived on a timescale of 1 s by the energy deposition of neutrinos streaming out of the innermost regions, and some form of convective transport for the shock to carry sufficient energy to disrupt the whole star (see Janka et al 2007, for a review on the topic).…”

Section: The Reverse Shock and The Fallback Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Are pulsars born with a hidden magnetic field?

Torres-Forné

Cerdá–Durán

Pons

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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The observation of several neutron stars in the center of supernova remnants and with significantly lower values of the dipolar magnetic field than the average radio-pulsar population has motivated a lively debate about their formation and origin, with controversial interpretations. A possible explanation requires the slow rotation of the proto-neutron star at birth, which is unable to amplify its magnetic field to typical pulsar levels. An alternative possibility, the hidden magnetic field scenario, considers the accretion of the fallback of the supernova debris onto the neutron star as responsible for the submergence (or screening) of the field and its apparently low value. In this paper we study under which conditions the magnetic field of a neutron star can be buried into the crust due to an accreting, conducting fluid. For this purpose, we consider a spherically symmetric calculation in general relativity to estimate the balance between the incoming accretion flow and the magnetosphere. Our study analyses several models with different specific entropy, composition, and neutron star masses. The main conclusion of our work is that typical magnetic fields of a few times 10 12 G can be buried by accreting only 10 −3 − 10 −2 M , a relatively modest amount of mass. In view of this result, the Central Compact Object scenario should not be considered unusual, and we predict that anomalously weak magnetic fields should be common in very young (< few kyr) neutron stars.

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Section: The Reverse Shock and The Fallback Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Are pulsars born with a hidden magnetic field?

Torres-Forné

Cerdá–Durán

Pons

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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“…Core-collapse SNe are the spectacular outcome of the violent deaths of massive stars, including the spectral types II, Ib and Ic [58,59]. The early universe aside, it is only here that neutrinos do not stream freely in spite of their weak interactions and actually dominate the dynamics and energetics.…”

Section: Basic Picturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the basic concept of stellar core collapse and neutron-star formation was confirmed by the historical measurement of neutrinos from SN 1987A, our understanding of the detailed processes driving the core's evolution and ultimately causing the SN blast remains incomplete and has little empirical underpinning [59]. Observations of the bright electromagnetic spectacle that accompanies stellar death provide only indirect information about the initiating mechanism: the center of the explosion is obscured by several solar masses of intransparent, gaseous ejecta.…”

Section: Supernova Astrophysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The next-generation liquid-scintillator neutrino observatory LENA

Wurm

Beacom

Bezrukov

et al. 2012

Astroparticle Physics

211

200

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2As part of the European LAGUNA design study on a next-generation neutrino detector, we propose the liquid-scintillator detector LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) as a multipurpose neutrino observatory. The outstanding successes of the Borexino and KamLAND experiments demonstrate the large potential of liquid-scintillator detectors in low-energy neutrino physics. Low energy threshold, good energy resolution and efficient background discrimination are inherent to the liquidscintillator technique. A target mass of 50 kt will offer a substantial increase in detection sensitivity.At low energies, the variety of detection channels available in liquid scintillator will allow for an energy-and flavor-resolved analysis of the neutrino burst emitted by a galactic Supernova. Due to target mass and background conditions, LENA will also be sensitive to the faint signal of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background. Solar metallicity, time-variation in the solar neutrino flux and deviations from MSW-LMA survival probabilities can be investigated based on unprecedented statistics. Low background conditions allow to search for dark matter by observing rare annihilation neutrinos. The large number of events expected for geoneutrinos will give valuable information on the abundances of Uranium and Thorium and their relative ratio in the Earth's crust and mantle. Reactor neutrinos enable a high-precision measurement of solar mixing parameters. A strong radioactive or pion decay-at-rest neutrino source can be placed close to the detector to investigate neutrino oscillations for short distances and sub-MeV to MeV energies.At high energies, LENA will provide a new lifetime limit for the SUSY-favored proton decay mode into kaon and antineutrino, surpassing current experimental limits by about one order of magnitude. Recent studies have demonstrated that a reconstruction of momentum and energy of GeV particles is well feasible in liquid scintillator. Monte Carlo studies on the reconstruction of the complex event topologies found for neutrino interactions at multi-GeV energies have shown promising results. If this is confirmed, LENA might serve as far detector in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment currently investigated in LAGUNA-LBNO.3

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“…For example, the processes of neutrino emission and absorption, which are an important part of the mechanism of core-collapse supernovas and nucleosynthesis, strongly depend on the composition of warm low-density nuclear matter [1,2,3,4,5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Composition of Nuclear Matter with Light Clusters and Bose–Einstein Condensation of $$\alpha $$ α Particles

et al. 2017

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The Bose-Einstein condensation of α partciles in the multicomponent environment of dilute, warm nuclear matter is studied. We consider the cases of matter composed of light clusters with mass numbers A ≤ 4 and matter that in addition these clusters contains 56 Fe nuclei. We apply the quasiparticle gas model which treats clusters as bound states with infinite life-time and binding energies independent of temperature and density. We show that the α particles can form a condensate at low temperature T ≤ 2 MeV in such matter in the first case. When the 56 Fe nucleus is added to the composition the cluster abundances are strongly modified at low temperatures, with an important implication that the α condensation at these temperatures is suppressed.

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Theory of core-collapse supernovae

Cited by 815 publications

References 185 publications

Are pulsars born with a hidden magnetic field?

Are pulsars born with a hidden magnetic field?

The next-generation liquid-scintillator neutrino observatory LENA

Composition of Nuclear Matter with Light Clusters and Bose–Einstein Condensation of $$\alpha $$ α Particles

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