Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that affects many individuals, especially those who served in the military. Children are especially at risk for experiencing a variety of negative biological, behavioral, social, and psychological effects due to having a parent affected by PTSD. This review has 4 aims: to present a description of the effect of parental PTSD on functioning in children, outline 2 different theories of transmission of PTSD from parents to children, provide an account of researched interventions, and describe the need for future research. An emphasis is given to the negative psychosocial effects on children who have a parent suffering from PTSD after military deployment.