Theory and methods for odor evaluation

Berglund, Birgitta; Berglund, Ulf; Lindvall, Thomas

doi:10.1007/bf01942508

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Further, it should be considered whether participants should take a natural sniff in the olfactory test procedure. Berglund et al (1986) and Laing (1983) showed that olfactory threshold assessment using an external constant airflow produced more elevated thresholds than olfactory assessment with natural sniffing. In addition, sniffing seems to be necessary for the neuronal priming of odor processing within the olfactory bulb (Gerkin et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sadness might isolate you in a non-smelling world: olfactory perception and depression

Schablitzky

Pause

2014

Front. Psychol.

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) occurs with a high prevalence among mental illnesses. MDD patients experience sadness and hopelessness, with blunted affective reactivity. However, such depressive episodes are also key symptoms in other depressive disorders, like Bipolar Disorder (BPD) or Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). Moreover, depressive symptoms can also be found in healthy individuals, but are experienced as less severe or for a shorter duration than in patients. Here, it is aimed to summarize studies investigating odor perception in depression, including depressive states in healthy individuals and patient populations. Odor perception in depression has been assessed with psychophysical methods (olfactory sensitivity, odor identification, and discrimination), and odor ratings (intensity, emotional valence, familiarity). In addition, some studies investigated affective reactions to odors, and physiological and anatomical correlates of odor perception in depression. The summary reveals that MDD is associated with reduced olfactory sensitivity. However, odor identification and discrimination scores seem to be unaffected by depression. The reduced olfactory sensitivity might be associated with a reduced ability to encode olfactory information and a reduced volume of the olfactory bulb. While similar processes seem to occur in healthy individuals experiencing depressive states, they have not been observed in BPD or SAD patients. However, in order to conclude that the reduced olfactory sensitivity is directly linked to depression, it is suggested that studies should implement control measures of cognitive performances or perceptual abilities in other stimulus modalities. It is concluded that the reduced olfactory performance in MDD patients seems to be disorder-, modality-, and test-specific, and that the application of an appropriate olfactory and cognitive test-battery might be highly useful in the differential diagnosis of MDD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sadness might isolate you in a non-smelling world: olfactory perception and depression

Schablitzky

Pause

2014

Front. Psychol.

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“…In an industrial environment, the number of VOCs that could be encountered is several thousand, and even in non-industrial buildings several hundred VOCs have been identified. 7 It is quite impractical for bio-assays on sensory irritation to be conducted on this number of VOCs, using panels of human subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determination of solvation descriptors for terpenes, and the prediction of nasal pungency thresholds

Abraham¹,

Kumarsingh²,

Cometto‐Muñiz³

et al. 1998

J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2

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“…The chemical emission pattern may be correlated to the odour by a "sniffing" chromatogram or odourograms using the human nose as a detector simultaneously with the gas Chromatographie detection (51)(52)(53)(54). It should be possible by this technique to identify the major odour active VOC emitting from the material (55)(56)(57)(58). The quality and acceptability of the air emitted from building materials may be perceived and judged by a trained panel using the olfbar (39).…”

Section: Methods To Evaluate and Develop Healthy Building Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of methods for developing healthy building materials: Laboratory and field experiments

Wolkoff¹

1990

Environmental Technology

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The state-of-the-art of testing building materials for the emission of volatile organic compounds are reviewed and a set of methods to develop healthy building materials arc presented. Results of this laboratory showed that potential polluting building materials may be identified by comparison of headspace analyses of building materials with sampling of the indoor air. Qualitative GC/MS headspace analysis of building materials revealed that some materials acted as a sink for VOC emitting elsewhere in a building. The analysis also provided information of undesirable organic compounds emitting from materials. The combination of headspace analysis and sniffing of the eluting VOC provided a tool for substitution of malodorants, and development of an odourless building sealant.

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Theory and methods for odor evaluation

Cited by 16 publications

References 55 publications

Sadness might isolate you in a non-smelling world: olfactory perception and depression

Sadness might isolate you in a non-smelling world: olfactory perception and depression

The determination of solvation descriptors for terpenes, and the prediction of nasal pungency thresholds

Proposal of methods for developing healthy building materials: Laboratory and field experiments

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