Theory and design of crystal oscillators immune to acceleration: present state of the art

Kosinski, J.A.

doi:10.1109/freq.2000.887364

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Typical aircraft random vibration profile Section 5 is primarily focused on studying the effect of vibration on the phase noise of electronic and opto-electronic oscillators at 10 GHz and also comparing their acceleration sensitivity. The acceleration sensitivity of a quartz oscillator is not discussed here because enormous amounts of work have already been done and the data are readily available in the literature (Vig, 1992;Driscoll, 1993;Filler, 1983;Kosinski, 2000). A good quartz oscillator typically has an acceleration sensitivity of 1 × 10 -9 /g, and the lowest known acceleration sensitivity for a quartz oscillator is 2 × 10 -11 /g for 10 Hz ≤ f v ≤ 200 Hz (Bloch et al, 2006).…”

Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration-Induced PM Noise in Oscillators and Its Suppression

Hati¹,

Nelson²,

Howe³

2009

Aerial Vehicles

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Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration-Induced PM Noise in Oscillators and Its Suppression

Hati¹,

Nelson²,

Howe³

2009

Aerial Vehicles

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“…Equation (5) shows that if an oscillator is subjected to a sinusoidal vibration, the output voltage of the oscillator will be a frequency modulated signal.…”

Section: Time Domain Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration sensitivity reduction of two microwave oscillators using inter‐injection locking technique

Modarresi

Banai

Farzaneh

2013

IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation

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Phase noise is one of the most important specifications of microwave oscillators. External factors such as mechanical vibrations increase the phase noise of the oscillator. A novel technique is introduced to reduce vibration‐induced phase noise using inter‐injection locking of two coupled oscillators. Two similar oscillators with equal free running frequencies are chosen and are subjected to sinusoidal vibration. The mechanical configuration is such that vibration sensitivity vector increases the frequency of one oscillator and decreases the other one's frequency of oscillation. Coupling these two oscillators using inter‐injection locking, the common after‐lock frequencies of both oscillators would be equal to the free running frequency of oscillation; as such the influence of vibration on the oscillators is reduced. Experimental measurements are carried out to confirm the proposed technique.

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“…Devices such as square extensional, Lamé, ring and disk resonators require narrow gaps to achieve acceptable motional impedances. When the nonlinearity of parallel plate actuators is accounted for, the effective stiffness of the resonator in the direction of oscillation (x) is given by (1). Where k m1 and k m3 are the linear and third order mechanical spring constants and k e1 and k m3 are the linear and third order electrical spring constants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Vibration Sensitivity MEMS Resonators

Wojciechowski

Olsson

Baker

et al. 2007

2007 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium Joint With the 21st European Frequency and Time Forum

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It is well known that the stability of crystal oscillator references is undermined in high-g environments [1,2]. This can result in failure of communications systems relying on the crystal as a frequency reference. Lower vibration sensitivity is theoretically achievable by replacing the crystal with a micro electromechanical (MEMS) resonator. In this paper we present an electrostatically actuated Lamé resonator that has vibration sensitivity (0.91 ppb/g) comparable to the best high-g insensitive crystal oscillators.

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Theory and design of crystal oscillators immune to acceleration: present state of the art

Cited by 12 publications

References 96 publications

Vibration-Induced PM Noise in Oscillators and Its Suppression

Vibration-Induced PM Noise in Oscillators and Its Suppression

Vibration sensitivity reduction of two microwave oscillators using inter‐injection locking technique

Low Vibration Sensitivity MEMS Resonators

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