Theoretical Study on Geometries of Electrodes in Laboratory Electrical Resistivity Measurement

Hong, Chang-Ho; Chong, Song-Hun; Cho, Gye-Chun

doi:10.3390/app9194167

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…This paper extends the previous study by authors of [12] to formulate a theoretical electrical resistance between half spherical-tipped cylindrical electrodes embedded on two horizontal layers. The electrical resistivity of each layer is considered separately in the general electrical potential equation with different equipotential surface areas.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Electrical Resistivity Measurement with Spherical-Tipped Cylindrical Electrode Embedded on Two Layers

2020

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Complex geological processes form multiple layers and change pore water chemistry, saturation level, and temperature. Eventually, the strata hinder interpreting electrical resistivity data. There are no studies that theoretically explore the effects of electrode geometries and multiple layered systems on laboratory electrical resistivity measurements. This study formulates a theoretical electrical resistance between half spherical-tipped cylindrical electrodes embedded on two horizontal layers. The electrical resistivity of each layer is considered separately in the general electrical potential equation with different equipotential surface areas. The finite element analysis is conducted to validate the theoretical equation. Further interpretation provides insights into the distribution of electrical current flow under electrical resistivity mismatch for discussion.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Theoretical electrical resistance for two spherical-tipped cylindrical electrodes was formulated in a previous study [12]. In Figure 1, the same electrical resistivity of each layer (ρ 1 = ρ 2 ) indicates homogeneous medium.…”

Section: Homogeneous Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Resistivity Measurement with Spherical-Tipped Cylindrical Electrode Embedded on Two Layers

2020

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“…We can consider that the two electrodes formed equivalent spherical cap spheres within the PFA tube, having a radius (r) equivalent to the PFA inner tube radius, a height (h), and separated by a distance (l) equivalent to the PFA tube height. In such a configuration, the effective cell constant (k) is estimated using the equipotential current line (Hong et al, 2019) between two domes given by the following equation:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomography Imaging of Lithium Electrodeposits Using Neutron, Synchrotron X-Ray, and Laboratory X-Ray Sources: A Comparison

et al. 2021

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X-ray and neutron imaging are widely employed for battery materials, thanks to the possibility to perform noninvasive in situ and in operando analyses. X-ray tomography can be performed either in synchrotron or in laboratory facilities and is particularly well-suited to analyze bulk materials and electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Several post-lithium-ion (Li-ion) devices, such as Li–sulfur, Li–O2, or all-solid-state Li batteries, have an anode made of metallic Li in common. The main failure mode of Li batteries is the inhomogeneity of the Li electrodeposits onto the Li anode during charge steps, leading to dendrite growth and low Coulombic efficiency. X-ray tomography is a powerful tool for studying dendrites as it provides useful information about their locations, dynamics, and microstructures. So far, the use of neutron tomography is scarcely reported for Li deposit analysis due to the difficulty in reaching sufficient image resolution to capture the deposit microstructure, that is, typically below 10–20 µm. The very different interactions of X-rays and neutrons with Li, which has significantly different opacity in the two cases, make the two techniques highly complementary. Notably, the capacity of neutrons to discern different Li isotopes is pivotal to getting an insight into the composition of Li deposits by distinguishing between Li originating from an electrode (6Li in this study) and Li originating from the Li salt electrolyte (mainly in 7Li here). Indeed, the theoretical linear neutron attenuation coefficient of 6Li is about 15 and 2,000 times larger than that of natural Li and 7Li, respectively. Therefore, a high imaging contrast difference is obtained between 6Li (high attenuation) and natural Li and 7Li (lower attenuations), which could allow a better understanding of the origin of the Li comprising the electrodeposits. In this work, we report, as a proof of concept, an in situ neutron tomography imaging of Li electrodeposits in a cycled Li symmetric cell. The electrochemical cell comprises a natural Li electrode, a 6Li electrode, and a deuterated liquid electrolyte. The neutron tomographies are compared with X-ray tomography images of the same electrochemical cell acquired both at an X-ray synchrotron beamline and at a laboratory X-ray tomograph. Neutron tomography is shown to be compatible with in situ analysis and capable of capturing the overall morphology of the Li deposits in good accordance with X-ray tomography analyses.

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“…In the latter, measurement time causes minimal or no variation in the ρ measurement. The properties of the electrode geometry and configuration are similar to other laboratory measuring instruments available in the literature [ 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A Resistivity Plate Loading Device for Assessing the Factors Affecting the Stiffness of a Cement-Stabilized Subgrade

2022

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The extent of mixing in the stabilization process and the control of the cement content (C) and water content (w) in the mixture are key to the outcome of the engineering performance of a cement-stabilized subgrade. Intelligent Compaction (IC) quality control has improved quality control and management practices during construction. Intelligent Compaction Measurement Values (ICMVs) selected to evaluate the stiffness properties of cement-stabilized soils do not directly relate to the stiffness properties of the cement-stabilized subgrade and do not consider w and C. Additional tests need to be conducted for calibration of ICMVs. In this study, our solution is the development of a resistivity plate loading test. The resistivity plate loading test features the flexibility in determining the soil stiffness, w, C, and other important factors, such as the time of test effect (hydration) (T) and dry density (ρd). To verify the accuracy of the testing method, laboratory experimental studies were conducted on cemented soils considering ρd, w, C, and T at different factor levels. Multiple response studies based on grey rational analysis (GRA) were conducted. Analysis of the input factors was performed, and their effects on the measured responses were quantified. According to the study, the ρ measured by the device was a powerful indicator of stiffness, ρd, w, C, and T, which showed that the device can be useful equipment for quality control and an advancement in the in situ testing technologies and test equipment. A statistical regression model based on the linear and linear plus interaction terms among the factors is proposed to predict the average responses.

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Theoretical Study on Geometries of Electrodes in Laboratory Electrical Resistivity Measurement

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Electrical Resistivity Measurement with Spherical-Tipped Cylindrical Electrode Embedded on Two Layers

Electrical Resistivity Measurement with Spherical-Tipped Cylindrical Electrode Embedded on Two Layers

Tomography Imaging of Lithium Electrodeposits Using Neutron, Synchrotron X-Ray, and Laboratory X-Ray Sources: A Comparison

A Resistivity Plate Loading Device for Assessing the Factors Affecting the Stiffness of a Cement-Stabilized Subgrade

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