Theoretical study on fulvic acid structure, conformation and aggregation

Adsorption/Desorption of Pesticidal Carboxylate Esters by Switching Liquid Phases on Humic‐Fraction‐Modified Silica Gel Matrix

“…17 In addition, such a complex structure is capable of regulating bioavailable metal ions biologically. [18][19][20][21] The sorption-desorption of quaternary herbicides in vineyard-devoted soils and the influence of copper on the sorption/desorption process have been reported. [22][23][24][25][26] An adsorption-oriented application, using humic-fraction-modified silica gel as the adsorbent, has been implemented recently in carboxyl-containing pesticides and biogenic amines in acetonitrile.…”

Synergy between surface adsorption and photocatalysis during degradation of humic acid on TiO2/activated carbon composites

“…Humic acids (HAs) consist of a skeleton of alkyl/aromatic units cross-linked by a variety of functional groups such as carboxylic, phenolic and alcoholic hydroxyls, ketone and quinone groups [1,2]. The existence of carboxyl and phenolic groups causes humic acid to have negative charges in aqueous solutions.…”

Development of an equilibrium headspace gas chromatographic method for the measurement of noncovalent association and partitioning of n-alkylbenzenes at infinite dilution in fulvic acid pseudophase

“…There is some evidence that a transition of FA molecule from small flexible entity to a globular (even rigid) shape is possible as the concentration of FA increases [33]. It is also known that a rigid shape, after losing its rotational degrees of freedom due to self-association, can exclude hydrophobic solutes and eventually reaches a constant volume [38]. This could explain the decrease in K x and increase in intra-aggregate activity coefficient, m , to a nearly constant value as [FA] t increases.…”