“…The most commonly employed adsorbent utilized to remove pharmaceuticals from aqueous effluents is activated carbon (de Oliveira Carvalho et al, 2010;Thue et al, 2018;Hanafy et al, 2021, Sellaoui et al, 2017, 2019 and other carbon-based adsorbents such as biochar (Tomul et al, 2020). On the other hand, different composite materials (Arif et al, 2022;Caicedo et al, 2020;dos Reis et al, 2016;Guellati et al, 2022;Khan et al, 2020;Kovtun et al, 2020;Lawal et al, 2019;Magesh et al 2022;Thue et al, 2020;Wang, Q et al, 2021;Yadav et al, 2021;Yu et al, 2018, Sellaoui et al, 2022 are used as alternatives to activated carbons.…”