Theoretical Developments in Career Transition Research: Contributions of European Sport Psychology

Stambulova, Natalia

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803634-1.00012-1

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Following this first phase, a new line of thinking emerged, according to which the more research findings and practical recommendations could be contextualized, the better , Stambulova, 2016. The discussion on the role of context could be seen as a new trend towards cultural sensitivity in sports career studies.…”

Section: Factors Contributing To the Quality Of The Transition Out Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of our working model, we attempted to include the previous theoretical contributions that emerged from the European career transition sports psychology discourse (Stambulova, 2016) including the conceptualization of an athlete as a whole person within the holistic athletic career model (Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004;Wylleman et al, 2011) and the athletic career transition models (Stambulova, 2003;Stambulova et al, 2007). Applied perspectives of this study relate to a deeper and more contextualized understanding of the transition out of sport in which nation/cultures plays an important role.…”

Section: Recommendations For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors contributing to the quality of the transition out of elite sports in Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes

Küettel

Boyle

Schmid

2017

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

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Objectives: The objectives of this study were (a) to examine athletic retirement of former Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes; and (b) to explore the predictive power of factors on the quality of the transition. Based on existing transitional models, we developed a working model to investigate the predictive power of commonly assumed resources and barriers related to the transition (Park, Lavallee, & Tod, 2013). Design and Methods: Former international elite athletes from Switzerland (n = 231), Denmark (n = 86), and Poland (n = 84) from 35 different sports completed an online questionnaire in their native language. Mean/proportional differences across countries were explored using ANOVAs and chi-square tests. For each sample, a multiple regression analysis was performed with 26 predictors on the transition quality, which was a component score of seven variables. Results and Conclusions: More differences were found among individual characteristics (e.g., educational level, athletic identity, confidence in skills), whereas athletes reported a similar pattern concerning retirement planning and voluntariness to end their career regardless of the context. The adaptation process following the career end was easiest for Swiss athletes and most difficult for Polish athletes. Results of the multiple regressions revealed both common resources (e.g., voluntariness) and barriers (e.g., athletic identity), but also factors that worked as resources in one context, but as barriers in another (e.g., high sport-career income). We propose to avoid generalizations about resources and barriers influencing the transition, but to apply a culturally sensitive approach when studying athletic retirement in different contexts.

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Section: Factors Contributing To the Quality Of The Transition Out Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recommendations For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors contributing to the quality of the transition out of elite sports in Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes

Küettel

Boyle

Schmid

2017

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

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“…Recent reviews of career transitions and athletic retirement (e.g., Park, Lavallee, & Tod, 2013;Stambulova, 2012Stambulova, , 2016 have acknowledged the need for more cross-national comparison studies to enhance the understanding of the national context on athletic retirement. In an attempt to fulfil this need, it was the goal of this study to compare the transition out of elite sport of Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes in terms of (a) preconditions, (b) transitional period, and (c) consequences of the transition.…”

Section: Objectives and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-national comparison of the transition out of elite sport of Swiss, Danish and Polish athletes

Küettel¹,

Boyle²,

Christensen³

et al. 2018

bpssepr

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Retirement from elite sport is considered a major life-changing experience for athletes and thus has attracted career researchers since the late 1960s (Hill & Lowe, 1974; Lerch, 1982; Mihovilovic, 1968; Svoboda & Vanek, 1982). Early studies have described the end of an athletic career as a traumatic event and therefore, have mostly focused on negative outcomes. Later studies have revealed an alternative view where athletes may feel relieved from the heavy burden of their athletic commitment (e.g. Coakley, 1983; McPherson, 1984; Sinclair & Orlick, 1993). Nowadays, athletic retirement is no longer seen as a single event, but as a process-oriented transition in which a ‘whole career’ and ‘whole person’ approach is applied (Stambulova, Alfermann, Statler & Côté, 2009; Wylleman & Lavallee, 2004). Recently, there has been an increased focus on contextual factors that are related to the athlete’s career development and transitions. These factors have been studied at the meso-level (i.e. talent development environment; Henriksen, Stambulova & Roessler, 2010) and at the macro-level (i.e. nation/culture and sports system; Kuettel, Boyle & Schmid, 2017; Park & Lavallee, 2015; Stambulova, Stephan & Jäphag, 2007; Tshube & Feltz, 2015). Furthermore, comparative studies have shown that applying a cultural-sensitive approach can help to increase the knowledge about the influence of the context on the transition process of elite athletes (Si & Lee, 2007; Stambulova & Ryba, 2013, 2014). In this paper, we, the authors intend to contribute to a better understanding of the contextual influence on athletic retirement by examining and comparing the transition out of elite sport for former Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes.

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“…The first one is a turn towards using the 'general' career or transition models to collect contextually specific data and transform the general models into specifically tailored empirical models. [7][8][9][10] The second one is a change from viewing a transition as an even (undifferentiated) process to identifying its temporal structure or phases 7 with their specific psychological content (e.g. perceived demands, resources and coping strategies).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the empirical model ‘Phases in the junior-to-senior transition of Swedish ice hockey players’: External validation through focus groups and interviews

Pehrson

Stambulova

Olsson

2017

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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In this study, we continue to explore the junior-to-senior transition process in Swedish ice hockey by validating the empirical model 'Phases in the junior-to-senior transition of Swedish ice hockey players' created in our previous study. 1 More specifically, we collected opinions and critical reflections of 15 senior professional players and expert coaches about the empirical model as a whole and about the content of each junior-to-senior transition phase and then converted the original empirical model into its validated version. Professional ice hockey players and first league coaches formed three focus groups, while three senior coaches were interviewed individually. All were encouraged to critically reflect on the empirical model. The data from all sources were analysed following guidelines of the thematic (deductive) analysis complemented by quantitative measurements of the participants' agreement with the content of the empirical model. Results supported the sequence and designations of the junior-to-senior transition phases (i.e. preparation, orientation, adaptation and stabilization), as well as duration of the junior-to-senior transition (i.e. up to four seasons) outlined by the empirical model. We were also able to validate the psychological content (perceived demands, resources, barriers, coping strategies and outcomes) of each transitional phase. Accordingly, five themes were reformulated, 17 new themes were added and some themes were reordered during the conversion of the original empirical model into the validated model. To improve the readability of the validated model (from the bottom to the top), we also reordered sub-categories describing the psychological content of each junior-to-senior transition phase. We conclude by discussing the validated model in relation to theoretical frameworks and previous research and providing some methodology, future research and practice-oriented reflections addressed to researchers, coaches and sport psychology practitioners.

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Theoretical Developments in Career Transition Research: Contributions of European Sport Psychology

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Factors contributing to the quality of the transition out of elite sports in Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes

Factors contributing to the quality of the transition out of elite sports in Swiss, Danish, and Polish athletes

A cross-national comparison of the transition out of elite sport of Swiss, Danish and Polish athletes

Revisiting the empirical model ‘Phases in the junior-to-senior transition of Swedish ice hockey players’: External validation through focus groups and interviews

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