Theoretical conductivity analysis of surface modification agent treated proppant II – Channel fracturing application

Zhang, Jingchen; Hou, Jirui

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.026

Cited by 39 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In the reference [15], analytical models were derived to calculate proppant embedment, proppant deformation, change in fracture aperture, and fracture conductivity. And then, this model has been improved by Zhang and Hou [16] with consideration of the rock creep deformation. Here, we would like to give a brief introduction of their models.…”

Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper focuses on the effect of different factors on the conductivity of the proppant monolayer. Therefore, analytical models [15,16] were used to calculate the embedment depth and fracture residual width under different conditions. Then, fracture conductivity was evaluated by a CFD method.…”

Section: Geofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the proppant monolayer, the permeability reduces to its half when the embedment ratio increases to nearly 20%. Proppant has two embedment mechanisms, elastic embedment and creep embedment [16]. The fracture will keep closing under creep deformation.…”

Section: Modification Of Carman-kozeny Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proppant embedment is the main cause of fracture width reduction, which can be solved by the models available in the literatures. On the calculation of permeability of proppant pack, Carman-Kozeny (CK) equation was widely used [15][16][17][18]. The semiempirical Carman-Kozeny (CK) equation is the most famous model that describes the permeability-porosity relation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Modeling of the Conductivity of the Particle Monolayer with Reduced Size

et al. 2018

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Fractures filled with a proppant monolayer play an important role in the hydraulic fracture network. Predicting the conductivity of these fractures is the basis of fracture network optimization. However, little attention has been paid to the conductivity of the proppant monolayer. The change of conductivity under various conditions is currently not fully understood. Therefore, in this paper, the conductivity variation under different conditions are simulated. The reduction of particle size was calculated by existing analytical models. The permeability variation was calculated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) combined with COMSOL Multiphysics. The controlling factors of conductivity under a proppant monolayer were identified. Simulation results indicate that elastic parameters, closure pressure, and proppant distribution have significant influence on conductivity, while creep parameters, such as rock viscosity and time, have limited influence on conductivity. Moreover, the changes in permeability, porosity, and tortuosity with variation of embedment were analyzed. Results indicated that with an increase in embedment, the permeability and porosity decrease as expected. The main reduction (nearly half) emerges in the first 20% of proppant embedment. Furthermore, the permeability of a single particle deviates largely from the prediction of Carman-Kozeny (CK) equation. The tortuosity of proppant particle increases with a decrease in particle size due to embedment. A modification of the Carman-Kozeny equation is proposed to address this influence.

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Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geofluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modification Of Carman-kozeny Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Modeling of the Conductivity of the Particle Monolayer with Reduced Size

et al. 2018

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“…The normal size distribution resulted in larger displacement of the fracture surface, which consequently led to larger reduction in fracture conductivity than the uniform size distribution. In another study, Zhang et al [170,171] investigated the performance of surface modification treated (SMA) proppant. Analytical models were derived to compute the SMA treated proppant embedment and fracture conductivity, with a visco-elastic Kelvin-Voigt creeping deformation model incorporated in the models.…”

Section: Chapter 5 Numerical Modelling Of Fluid Flow Around Proppantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct numerical simulation of coupled fluid-particle flow in hydraulic fractures

Wang¹

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First of all, I would like to appreciate the generous guidance, great patience, and sincere friendship from my principle supervisor Dr. Christopher Leonardi throughout the research. You have really set up an example of what a research people should be like to me with your actions and words. I would also like to acknowledge my associated supervisors Dr Saiied Aminossadati for his support and attention that he have dedicated to me. I also deeply appreciate the friendship among my officemates, particularly Mr

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Three‐dimensional visualization experimental study on proppant transportation and placement in the Hi‐way channel hydraulic fracturing technique

Xiang¹,

2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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The pattern of placement of the proppant in the fracture determines the stimulation and success of the surgery. Using a three‐dimensional visual parallel plate fracture model capable of simulating fracture height, length, and variable fracture width, we experimentally investigate the impact of fiber loading, fracture fluid viscosity, sand concentration, pulse time, perforation pattern, and injection rate on proppant transport, placement pattern, and access rate. Experimentally and visually, the migration process and the morphology of the proppant placement in the fracture were assessed. The formation laws of stable support columns and well‐shaped high conductivity fracture channels in fractures have been elucidated. Experimental results show that increasing the fiber concentration improves the channel rate and the proppant mass is large and stable. The channel rate increases with the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, and it is difficult to form a perfect channel when the viscosity is small. If the constructive displacement is too slight or too large, it will not favor the formation of a Hi‐way channel in the fracture. The optimal design displacement is 4.5 m3/min. When the proppant concentration is low, the passage rate is large, but the stability of proppant mass is poor under the scour of large displacement, the conductivity is low under the high closure pressure, the proppant concentration is too high, the suspension is difficult, the settlement rate is large, and it is difficult to form a large passage. The current column and the passage rate are larger for pulse times of 15–20 s. Cluster perforations are better than large continuous perforations. The higher the number of clusters in the same number of holes, the higher the channel rate. The formation laws of stable support pillars and well‐shaped high conductivity fracture channels in fractures have been elucidated, which can be useful for efficient stimulation of oil and gas reservoirs.

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Theoretical conductivity analysis of surface modification agent treated proppant II – Channel fracturing application

Cited by 39 publications

References 6 publications

Numerical Modeling of the Conductivity of the Particle Monolayer with Reduced Size

Numerical Modeling of the Conductivity of the Particle Monolayer with Reduced Size

Direct numerical simulation of coupled fluid-particle flow in hydraulic fractures

Three‐dimensional visualization experimental study on proppant transportation and placement in the Hi‐way channel hydraulic fracturing technique

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