Theoretical Aspects of Harmonization of Ukrainian Tax System in Context of Behavioral Finance

Abstract

The tax system of Ukraine in the way in which it now operates, in terms of performance does not meet the conditions of modern tax systems of the world's leading countries. Proof of this is 84th place in the ranking of competitiveness and 23rd place in the ranking of the Top 25 countries with the highest level of taxation. Therefore, harmonization of the tax system is needed to simplify tax treatment and reduce the tax burden or average it in order to reduce the prices of goods production means. It is noteworthy that harmonization is now considered primarily as the harmonization of the standards of the tax systems of different countries in the framework of cooperation and the achievement of mutual positive effects. However, each state has its own economic traits and national traditions, which are reflected in the functioning of taxes. Therefore, harmonization, as a phenomenon of an economic nature, is quite applicable within a particular tax system. Among plenty of factors influencing the operating of the tax system, a group of behavioral aspects is relatively new for the native economic environment. They are based on the habits, traditions and culture of the population, public consciousness and the level of psychological and social tension in society. Although it is notable that behavioral factors arise and worsen under the influence of other groups of parameters. And one of these is the level of fiscalization of the economy and its basis - the tax system. The high level of fiscalization of the tax system has formed a negative attitude of taxpayers to taxation, which has intensified the shadow trends in the state economy. The inconsistency between the amounts of taxes paid and the quality and amount of services and benefits received from the state, as well as the low level of social guarantees, caused a general cognitive dissonance. Transformed into a prejudice, he acquired a national social character, forming a model of economic behavior that in fact denies the defining role of the state in the life of the modern individual. Therefore, it should be emphasized that the harmonious functioning of the tax system should be based on a comprehensive approach, taking into account various factors. And from this point of view, behavioral finance becomes a factor of core and direct influence.