Theoretical and experimental investigation of the focusing position in asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4)

Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation as a multifunctional technique for the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers

“…Biopolymers of high molecular mass are especially prone to overloading [55,56]. Additional ways to prevent overloading without having to reduce the amount of sample injected are to reduce the cross-flows [30], optimize the flows in order to focus the sample in the region of the channel with larger breadth [57], or directly use larger channels [58].…”

Revision of the calibration experiment in asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation

“…Approaches already exist, which substitute its value by the information on the channel shape and the external calibration measurement using a calibrant with known diffusion coefficient. Our fifth algorithm belongs to this group as well as some simplified versions in literature [ 10,17,20,43,44 ] or the replacement of the known D with a related property of the calibrant [18] . According to our study, this groups remains the only valid approach to conduct the calibration properly.…”

Recent Advances in Separation-Based Techniques for Synthetic Polymer Characterization

“…Although FFF was developed around the same time as GPC, its use has been relatively limited in comparison. The main problem limiting its use is the technical operation of the focusing step, and it remains the subject of research today. , Fortunately, focusing has become more straightforward with modern technical instrumentation, resulting in a stronger interest in AF4 in the past few years as the technique has become much more robust. There are other obstacles related to method development, validation and data handling.…”