Theoretical and experimental analysis of a CNG cylinder rack connection to a bus roof

Milojević, Saša; Pešić, Radivoje

doi:10.1007/s12239-012-0047-y

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The concept of engine that works on the principle of combustion of lean mixture meets the Euro IV regulation. With application of engines whose operation has been based on combustion of stoichiometric mixture of natural gas and air with recirculation of cooled combustion products and three-component catalyst, the reached level of toxic and hazardous combustion products from vehicle is within the limits prescribed by Euro VI [9][10][11].…”

Section: Examples Of Solutions For Natural Gas Vehicle Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Certification and Inspection of Vehicles on Natural Gas in the Republic of Serbia and Issuing of Certificate

Pešić¹,

Milojević²,

Taranović³

et al. 2019

MVM

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Natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas represent the most practical, realistic and easiest way to reduce pollution coming from road transportation. In practice, natural gas vehicles are as safe as any other vehicles (gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.) operating on the roads. However, safety incidents sometimes occur where a natural gas system, primarily storage cylinders, have failed. Recent incidents involving natural gas vehicles have shown that cylinders may explode through compliant with current UN ECE 110R regulation. In the paper are systematized regulations and technical requirements relating to the installation of devices and equipment on vehicles powered by natural gas. The main objective of the research is to present a good practice related to inspection of motor vehicles on natural gas. It was also shown the several options for the reconstruction of vehicles to drive on gas fuel, as well as logistics.

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Section: Examples Of Solutions For Natural Gas Vehicle Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Certification and Inspection of Vehicles on Natural Gas in the Republic of Serbia and Issuing of Certificate

Pešić¹,

Milojević²,

Taranović³

et al. 2019

MVM

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“…It was selected CNG storage system that includes type III cylinders composed of an aluminium 6061 liner reinforced by carbon fiber in epoxy resin (Dyne-cell ® ), with a favorable ratio between weight and volume (0.30.4 kg•L 1 ) [3,4,10].…”

Section: Figure 1 Proposed Design Of Cng Fuel Line Equipment Installmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Design and testing pressure is usually 30 MPa, they do not explode at less than 46 MPa, and the working pressure is 20 MPa. Because of reason of space, for buses, cylinders are associated in series (cylinders rack) and located on the roof [3,4]. By application of the CNG cylinders, that made by lightweight materials type III, and reconstruction of the supporting bus roof structure according to UN ECE Regulation No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Safety of CNG Buses – Proper Experiences

Milojević¹,

Pešić²,

Taranović³

2017

MVM

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Natural gas as engine fuel is a commercially very attractive option for medium and heavy duty vehicles. A combination of low gas price and incentives for environmentally friendly solutions are key arguments for bus fleet operators to convert to natural gas powered vehicles. From the second side, fuel can be dangerous if handled improperly. Gasoline and diesel are potentially dangerous fuels, but over time we are learned to use them safely. The same is true with liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas, as well as hydrogen. For commercial vehicles both, compressed natural gas and liquefied natural gas are equally relevant options. Recent fire accidents involving natural gas buses have shown that cylinders may explode through compliant with current UN ECE R110 regulation. Such a repeated scenario is certainly not acceptable having in mind the tremendous amount of energy released when a compressed cylinder burst. Recent accidents detailed in this paper highlights potential improvements in current natural gas buses fire safety concepts. Fire safety should not solely rely on cylinder behaviour when exposed to fire but also to additional and upstream fire safety barriers. Thermal fuses cannot be seen any more as an ultimate option to control cylinder burst in case of fire. KEY WORDS:Fire safety, CNG buses, City transport POŽARNA BEZBEDNOST CNG AUTOBUSA -PRAVA ISKUSTVA REZIME: Prirodni gas kao pogonsko gorivo je komercijalno, vrlo atraktivna opcija za srednja i teška vozila. Kombinacija niske cene gasa i podsticaja za ekološki prihvatljivo rešenje su ključni argumenti za operatere voznih parkova da se vozila pogone na prirodni gas. Sa druge strane, gorivo može biti opasno ako se nepravilno rukuje. Benzin i dizel su potencijalno opasna goriva, ali vremenom smo naučili da ih bezbedno upotrebljavamo. Isto važi i za tečni naftni gas i prirodni gas, kao i za vodonik. Za komercijalna vozila, komprimovani prirodni gas i tečni prirodni gas su jednako relevantne opcije. Nedavne vatrogasne nezgode koje uključuju autobuse za prirodni gas pokazale su da cilindri mogu eksplodirati u skladu sa važećom regulativom UN ECE R110. Takav ponovljeni scenario sigurno nije prihvatljiv s obzirom na ogromnu količinu energije koja se oslobađa kada se komprimovani cilindar rasprsne. Nedavne nesreće opisane u ovom radu ističu potencijalna poboljšanja postojećih koncepta zaštite od požara u autobusima sa prirodni gasom. Protivpožarna sigurnost ne treba isključivo da se osloni na ponašanje cilindra kada je izložen vatri, već i na dodatne protivpožarne sigurnosne barijere. Termalni osigurači se više ne mogu gledati kao vrhunska opcija kontrole cilindara u slučaju požara.KLJUČNE REČI: Protivpožarna bezbednost, CNG autobusi, Gradski prevoz 1

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“…For large tubular structures such as the bus superstructure, beam type elements were utilized due to the fact that these elements provided satisfactory results at relatively reduced computational performances. The analyze system with non-complex beam equation provided reliability in the large structure simulation [5][6][7][8]. In addition, it is suggested that if the length of the member is 10 times larger than largest dimension of its cross section, the beam element is more suitable for an FE model generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strength Analysis of a Bus Superstructure Based on the Accuracy Improvement of T-Junction Flexible Joint Stiffness

Rooppakhun¹,

Wichairahad²

2018

IJET

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The strength analysis of bus superstructure was extremely important that the manufacturer must take into account, especially in the maximum stress analysis as well as the construction stiffness. In this study, the finite element (FE) model of an intercity bus superstructure consisted of chassis frame and body structure has been analyzed based on the improved beam joint considerations. The accuracy improvement of beam type element model was performed using the equivalent joint stiffness of T-junction beam modeling, and then compared with shell and volume elements. According to the improved T-junction FE model, the flexible joint stiffness consideration has been obtained, in which the behavioral error was reduced to less than 6%. The FE model of bus superstructure with improved beam joint was then compared to the rigid joint condition in bending, torsion, longitudinal and lateral load cases. The numerical results revealed that magnitude of maximum stress in the improved beam joint model displayed increasing of 11.53 %, 14.11 %, and 18.45 % in torsion, longitudinal and lateral load cases, respectively. However, the maximum stresses reduced in a case of bending with value of 5.72 %. In addition, the value of construction stiffness of improved beam joint model exhibited lower than the rigid beam joint as 44.85%, and 10.68% in the bending and torsion load case, respectively. To improve the accuracy of computer simulation, it will be beneficial to the passenger and the bus structure design and improvement procedure.

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Theoretical and experimental analysis of a CNG cylinder rack connection to a bus roof

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Guidelines for Certification and Inspection of Vehicles on Natural Gas in the Republic of Serbia and Issuing of Certificate

Guidelines for Certification and Inspection of Vehicles on Natural Gas in the Republic of Serbia and Issuing of Certificate

Fire Safety of CNG Buses – Proper Experiences

The Strength Analysis of a Bus Superstructure Based on the Accuracy Improvement of T-Junction Flexible Joint Stiffness

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