Theoretical and experimental analyses of rheological, compatibility and mechanical properties of PVMQ/XNBR-g GMA/XNBR/GO ternary hybrid nanocomposites

Azizli, Mohammad Javad; Barghamadi, Mohammad; Rezaeeparto, Katayoon; Mokhtary, Masoud; Parham, Somayeh; Darabi, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s13726-021-00953-6

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Azizli et. al [ 51 ]. recently observed that increasing the content of GO in silicone rubber (PVMQ)/XNBR blend in the presence of XNBR-g-GMA as a compatibilizer decreased the scorch time (t s2 ) by 24 %.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of MA or EPR-g-MA and G-sheets, a general increment in Rb (%) was observed from GA1 to G3 and GB1 to GB2 in comparison with pure XNBR. This increment may due to the strong interactions like hydrogen bonding in XNBR-G assisted by MA or EPR-g-MA [ 20 , 51 , 58 ]. However, the GB samples seem to show slight increment in R b (%) than its counterparts (GA1-GA3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tensile strength properties of composites mainly depend on some factors: (i) surface chemistry of G sheets, (ii) grafting efficiency of MA or EPR-g-MA, (iii) interfacial interactions between G sheets and XNBR chains (like; XNBR-S x -G-g-MA-g-XNBR, XNBR-G, and XNBR-S x -EPR-g-MA-g-G), and (iv) several other interactions among individual G sheets (like; G-S x -G or G-G) [ 20 , 51 , 58 ]. Figure 8 (a-d), shows the tensile properties of XNBR and its nanocomposites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Graphene-maleic anhydride-grafted-carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene-rubber nanocomposites

Mensah¹,

Efavi²,

Konadu³

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Graphene-maleic anhydride-grafted-carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene-rubber nanocomposites

Mensah¹,

Efavi²,

Konadu³

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…Again, the composites showed higher M H values compared with the neat NBR at all filler loading levels (0.1-1 phr) and the order of increasing M H for both lowly and highly filled compounds, especially at lower temperatures is: NBR < NBR-rGO < NBR-GO and NBR < NBR < NBR-GRT < NBR-rGO < NBR-GO, respectively. The increment in M L and M H for the composites, with NBR-GO leading may be as a result of the stiffer network structures, such as NBR-S x -GO-S x -NBR and NBR-S x -rGO-S x -NBR and the large number of polar-polar interactions (-CN σ− -H σ+ -O-) between the rich oxygenated groups (-OH) of GO/rGO and CN of NBR [44,62]. The NBR-GO composites showed the highest properties due to the high O/C ratio of GO than rGO and GRT.…”

Section: Effect Of Vulcanization On Physico-mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effect of Curing Activators on the Cure Kinetics of Acrylonitrile–Butadiene Rubber Filled with Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxides Nanocomposites

Mensah

Onwona-Agyeman

Efavi

et al. 2023

International Journal of Polymer Science

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For the first time, acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR)–graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composites were prepared without cure activators: zinc oxide/stearic acid (ZnO/SA) and studied. The vulcanization characteristics of the compounds were systematically studied at 160–190°C, with the aid of rheometer and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. NBR revealed rapid curing time (t90) with greater cure rate index compared with NBR–GO/rGO composites for the rheometer measurement. This results were in correspondence with the activation energies Ea (kJ/mol) calculated by Ozawa and Kissinger models of vulcanization kinetics. NBR–rGO obtained reduced t90 and Ea (kJ/mol) than NBR–GO, perhaps due to lower oxygenated groups: epoxide (–C–O–C–), carboxyl (–O–C=O), and hydroxyl (–OH) present. Although, the composites delayed in curing, they significantly recorded high tensile properties with high reinforcing factors than NBR. The order of increasing mechanical properties: NBR < NBR–rGO < NBR–GO followed the same order of increasing crosslinking density. In terms of tensile strength, NBR–GO-1 obtained 62.5% and 18.2% increment than NBR and NBR–rGO-1, respectively. The findings from this study indicate that the absence of ZnO/SA in rubber compounds may slow down curing of rubber–GO/rGO composites and lower networks compared with those containing activators ZnO/SA. However, optimization of ZnO/SA and with desired functional groups on graphene and derivative graphene sheets (GDS) including other proposed factors may enhance the curing speed of rubber–GDS based systems, without compromising their mechanical integrity for advanced applications.

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“…In addition, several kinds of active functional groups of XNBR, such as nitrile (–CN), carboxylic (–COOH) and alkene groups (–C=C) [ 17 , 21 , 22 ], can participate in reactions to form different types of chemical bonds. For example, the carboxylic functional group can react with several materials, such as metal oxides, amines, polyols and epoxies, which are widely used for the preparation of nano-composites and new materials [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Low Temperature Resistant Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber Based on Esterification Reaction

Lin

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR) is widely used in aerospace, petroleum exploration and other fields because of its excellent performances. However, there remains a challenge of balancing the oil resistance and the low temperature resistance for HNBR. In this work, a series of grafted carboxyl nitrile rubber (XNBR) was prepared by the esterification reaction between active functional groups (–COOH) of XNBR and alkanols of different molecular chain lengths (C8H17OH, C12H25OH, C16H33OH, C18H37OH) or Methoxypolyethylene glycols (MPEG) of different molecular weights (Mn = 350, 750, 1000). The structure and low temperature resistance of as-obtained grafted polymers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), 1H-NMR and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of grafted XNBR were significantly decreased. MPEG grafted polymers with better low temperature resistance were then selected for hydrogenation. As-prepared hydrogenated XNBR grafted with MPEG-1000 (HXNBR-g-1000) showed the lowest Tg of −29.8 °C and the best low temperature resistance. This work provides a novel and simple preparation method for low temperature resistant HNBR, which might be used potentially in extremely cold environments.

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Theoretical and experimental analyses of rheological, compatibility and mechanical properties of PVMQ/XNBR-g GMA/XNBR/GO ternary hybrid nanocomposites

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Graphene-maleic anhydride-grafted-carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene-rubber nanocomposites

Graphene-maleic anhydride-grafted-carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene-rubber nanocomposites

Investigating the Effect of Curing Activators on the Cure Kinetics of Acrylonitrile–Butadiene Rubber Filled with Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxides Nanocomposites

Synthesis of Low Temperature Resistant Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber Based on Esterification Reaction

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