Theoretical Analysis of Stresses in a Lithium Ion Cell

Renganathan, Sindhuja; Sikha, Godfrey; Santhanagopalan, Shriram; White, Ralph E.

doi:10.1149/1.3261809

Cited by 217 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Large-volume change severely restricts practical applications [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. In recent years, some strategies devoted to nanostructured silicon can alleviate the volume expansion to some extent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites of silicon and carbon derived from coal tar pitch: Cheap anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and enhanced capacity

Wang

Chou

Kim

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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Dou, S. Xue. (2013). Nanocomposites of silicon and carbon derived from coal tar pitch: Cheap anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and enhanced capacity. Electrochimica Acta, 93 (March), 213-221.Nanocomposites of silicon and carbon derived from coal tar pitch: Cheap anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and enhanced capacity AbstractFrom energy and environmental consideration, an industrial waste product, coal tar pitch (CTP), is used as the carbon source for Si/AC composite. We exploited a facile sintering method to largely scale up Si/ amorphous carbon nanocomposite. The composites with 20 wt.% silicon with PVdF binder exhibited stable lithium storage ability for prolonged cycling. The composite anode delivered a capacity of 400.3 mAh g−1 with a high capacity retention of 71.3% after 1000 cycles. Various methods are used to investigate the reason for the outstanding cyclability. The results indicate that the silicon nanoparticles are wrapped by amorphous SiOx and AC in Si/AC composite. This uniform structure is very favorable to lithium storage, the SiOx and AC layers can supply sufficient conductivity and strong elasticity to suppress the stress resulting from the reaction of Si with Li during charge/discharge process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites of silicon and carbon derived from coal tar pitch: Cheap anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and enhanced capacity

Wang

Chou

Kim

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Mean field porous electrode models developed by Newman et al [108][109][110][111][112][113] have been extended to incorporate elastic stress predictions in individual electrode particles [114][115][116][117][118]. Some models have been extremely sophisticated, with detailed descriptions of electrochemical kinetics and chemomechanical couplings [99,119].…”

Section: Continuum Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage

et al. 2014

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Functional materials for energy conversion and storage exhibit strong coupling between electrochemistry and mechanics. For example, ceramics developed as electrodes for both solid oxide fuel cells and batteries exhibit cyclic volumetric expansion upon reversible ion transport. Such chemomechanical coupling is typically far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and thus is challenging to quantify experimentally and computationally. In situ measurements and atomistic simulations are under rapid development to explore how this coupling can be used to potentially improve both device performance and durability. Here, we review the commonalities of coupling between electrochemical and mechanical states in fuel cell and battery materials, illustrating with specific cases the progress in materials processing, in situ characterization, and computational modeling and simulation. We also highlight outstanding questions and opportunities in these applications -both to better understand the limiting mechanisms within the materials and to significantly advance the durability and predictability of device performance required for renewable energy conversion and storage.

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“…electrode thickness) conditions. 18,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In many of these models, the dimensions of the porous electrode are often assumed constant and any volume changes in the active material result in only porosity changes. 21,22 Gomadam and Weidner 18 developed a model to allow both porosity and dimensional changes to occur.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24,[28][29][30][31] They reveal the importance that a change in volume plays in the generation of stresses and strains, and how this may be linked to experimentally observed failure in the active material. [32][33][34][35] The model developed here accounts for the stresses that build up in porous electrodes due to volume change in the active material through the application of porous rock mechanics to porous electrode theory. In previous models, a single electrode expanding against a casing with varying rigidity was examined 17,18 in order to derive analytical expressions that governed the volume change in a single electrode.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Volume Change in Dual Insertion Electrodes

Garrick

Huang

Srinivasan

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A mathematical model is presented that incorporates the dimensional and porosity changes in porous electrodes caused by volume changes in the active material during intercalation. Porosity and dimensional changes in an electrode can significantly affect the resistance of the battery during cycling. In addition, volume changes generate stresses in the electrode, which can lead to premature failure of the battery. Here, material conservation equations are coupled with the mechanical properties of porous electrodes to link dimensional and porosity changes to stresses and the resulting resistances that occur during the intercalation processes. Several different battery casings are examined in order to generate summary figures to aid in battery design. The associated stress, strain, porosity and resistance is predicted and discussed in relation to battery performance. Significant strides have been made to improve the range, cost, and fueling times of electric vehicles through the improvement of the design and control of cells, and several automobile manufacturers are releasing battery powered vehicles with price points that target the general public.1-10 New chemistries, such as lithium ion, have also been examined in order to increase the energy densities of these batteries in order to increase the range of battery powered vehicles, and decrease the volume displacement of these batteries in the vehicle powertrain. However, because these new chemistries result in more energy in a smaller volume, safety problems may arise.11 Therefore, it is critical to be able to predict the performance of new battery systems in order to improve safety and reliability, while also continuing to increase the energy density, which in turn decreases the weight and volume requirement of battery systems in alternative energy passenger vehicles.Due to the recent commercial and government sector success of high energy density batteries, high performance electrode materials, separators, electrolytes, and new cell and stack designs are being actively developed to further improve cell capacity, charging and discharge rates, safety, cycle life, and shelf life. The most widely used anode material (graphite) in Lithium-ion batteries undergoes a volume change (10%) during lithiation and delithiation cycles.12 However, high capacity anode materials, such as silicon and its alloys, undergo even higher volume changes ranging from 100% to 270%.12-15 Other battery chemistries, such as Li-Sn alloy intercalation cathodes, have seen volume changes as high as 350% as observed by Yang et al. 16The volume changes seen in these new battery electrode materials induce a significant amount of stress in the electrodes during battery operation.12,17-19 These volume changes and high stresses may result in the fracturing of active particles within the electrodes, and induces bulk stresses at the cell and stack level. A moderate amount of bulk stress in lithium-ion cells may be beneficial to cell operation, however, excessive stresses cause reduced cell performance an...

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Theoretical Analysis of Stresses in a Lithium Ion Cell

Cited by 217 publications

References 33 publications

Nanocomposites of silicon and carbon derived from coal tar pitch: Cheap anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and enhanced capacity

Nanocomposites of silicon and carbon derived from coal tar pitch: Cheap anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and enhanced capacity

Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage

Modeling Volume Change in Dual Insertion Electrodes

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