Theoretical analysis of removal of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen in pulsed operation of electrostatic precipitators

Lowke, J. J.; Morrow, R.

doi:10.1109/27.467988

Cited by 279 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…7a). For the air pressure p = 0.6 torr and voltage U dc = 300 V, we obtain E/p = 200 V/(cm torr) near the anode surface, which corresponds to an electron temperature of T e = 6-8 eV [39,40] and agrees with the results of our experiments. At a higher discharge voltage U dc , when the fast electrons accelerated in the cathode sheath reach the anode and the anode glow disappears, the anode voltage drop sharply decreases, which results in a decrease in E/p near the anode surface and a decrease in the electron temperature in the anode sheath.…”

Section: Axial Structure Of a Glow Dischargesupporting

confidence: 81%

“…As will be shown below, the anode voltage drop at low air pressures is small (U a ≈ 1-2 V); consequently, near the anode surface, the ratio of the electric field strength to the gas pressure at p = 0.1 torr is no more than E/p = 30 V/(cm torr). For this value of E/p, the electron temperature near the anode can reach a value of T e = 2-3 eV [39] (which is seen in Fig. 7a).…”

Section: Axial Structure Of a Glow Dischargementioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Experimental study of a low-pressure glow discharge in air in large-diameter discharge tubes: I. conditions for the normal regime of a glow discharge

Lisovskiy¹,

Yakovin

2000

Plasma Phys. Rep.

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-The initiation and characteristics of a low-pressure glow discharge in air in large-diameter discharge tubes are studied. A deviation from the Paschen law is observed: the breakdown curves U dc ( pL ) shift toward the higher values of U dc and pL as the interelectrode distance L increases. It is shown that the normal regime of a glow discharge is accompanied by gas ionization in the anode sheath. This takes place only for pL values lying to the right of the inflection point in the breakdown curve. The cathode-sheath characteristics in the normal and abnormal regimes of an air discharge for a duralumin cathode are determined. The axial profiles of the ion density, electron temperature, and plasma potential, as well as the anode voltage drop, are measured at various air pressures. © 2000 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".

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Section: Axial Structure Of a Glow Dischargesupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Axial Structure Of a Glow Dischargementioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental study of a low-pressure glow discharge in air in large-diameter discharge tubes: I. conditions for the normal regime of a glow discharge

Lisovskiy¹,

Yakovin

2000

Plasma Phys. Rep.

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“…The magnitudes of the rate coefficients and their dependences on the electric field were taken from [1] except the formulae for the attachment coefficient. The dependence a(E) given in [14] The rate of ionization of oxygen molecules by absorption of photons that are radiated by excited molecules of nitrogen S ph was calculated according to [15] …”

Section: Basic Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The propagation of positive streamers in a weak and uniform background electric field

Serdyuk

Larsson

Gubanski

et al. 2001

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The results of numerical simulations of a positive streamer development in air in a weak and uniform electric field are presented. Streamer dynamics is considered in an electrode gap of 33 mm in length and the configuration was 'protrusion on a plate-plate'. This particular configuration was chosen in order to perform direct comparison between simulated results and experimental data. The electrostatic field in such a system decreases rapidly with increase of the distance from the protrusion (anode) and the region with a weak and uniform background field covers ∼30 mm of the gap. The parameters of the propagating streamer are studied at six different values of the background field strength: 0.24; 0.30; 0.345; 0.37; 0.43 and 0.50 MV m −1 . Stable streamer development (with constant velocity) takes place in a field of 0.5 MV m −1 (the stability field) but the streamer is able to cross the gap in a background field of 0.3 MV m −1 . These values are in excellent agreement with experimental data. During the stable streamer propagation, the electron density and plasma conductivity in the discharge channel and the electric field at its front remain constant. In a background field lower than 0.5 MV m −1 , the discharge front velocity and the electric field at the front decrease linearly with an increase of streamer length. The discharge propagation in the stability field is associated with an increase of electrostatic energy at the streamer front but it decreases if the streamer develops in a weaker electric field. This behaviour is accompanied by a constant Joule dissipation at 0.5 MV m −1 and decreasing energy losses at the streamer front in a weaker background electric field.

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“…These rate coefficients have then been used to elucidate the principal channels of the processes that reduce the concentrations of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The full analysis involves 96 reactions and is presented in Lowke and Morrow (1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Chemical ProcessingUsing Pulsed Precipitators

Lowke¹,

Morrow²

1995

Aust. J. Phys.

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A theoretical analysis is given, using methods of gaseous electronics and plasma chemistry, of the removal of S02 and nitrogen oxides from flue gases by use of pulsed electrical corona. Calculations indicate that the rate coefficients in a typical flue gas for the electron dissociation of nitrogen, oxygen and water vapour only become appreciable for values of E/N greater than about 80 Td; E is electric field strength and N the gas number density. Chemical calculations using these data indicate that 802 is removed by conversion to sulphuric acid by reactions with OH radicals, and that oxides of nitrogen are removed largely by reduction from N atoms. To attain these high values of E / N, it is necessary to use pulsed voltages of pulse width r-v1 us in order to avoid electrical breakdown. The maximum pulse widths allowable to avoid breakdown is estimated by requiring the total energy input to be less than that which heats the gas by 10 4 K.

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Theoretical analysis of removal of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen in pulsed operation of electrostatic precipitators

Cited by 279 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental study of a low-pressure glow discharge in air in large-diameter discharge tubes: I. conditions for the normal regime of a glow discharge

Experimental study of a low-pressure glow discharge in air in large-diameter discharge tubes: I. conditions for the normal regime of a glow discharge

The propagation of positive streamers in a weak and uniform background electric field

Theory of Chemical ProcessingUsing Pulsed Precipitators

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