Theophylline Bioavailability in the Dog

Tse, Francis L. S.; Szeto, Daniel W.

doi:10.1002/jps.2600711132

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Two oral formulations of theophylline exist: rapid release and extended release; specific products of both have been previously evaluated in dogs. Prior studies have shown excellent oral bioavailability of theophylline (>91%) (McKiernan, Neff‐Davis, Koritz, Davis, & Pheris, ; Tse & Szeto, ) as well as low plasma protein binding (Munsiff, Koritz, McKiernan, & Neff‐Davis, ). Evaluation of an oral, rapid release formulation of aminophylline (the ethylenediamine salt of theophylline) demonstrated a short half‐life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of a modified, compounded theophylline product in dogs

Cavett

McKiernan

et al. 2019

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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Theophylline is a commonly used bronchodilator drug for treatment of chronic canine bronchitis, but no formulations validated in dogs are currently available. An oral, modified and compounded theophylline product (MCT), which could fulfil this need, is available through a USP‐compliant, veterinary compounding pharmacy; however, its pharmacokinetic properties are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of MCT. Plasma drug concentrations were measured in seven healthy, fed dogs after single doses of intravenous aminophylline (8.6 mg/kg theophylline equivalent) and oral MCT (10 mg/kg). Systemic bioavailability of the MCT was 96.2 ± 32.9%. MCT times to maximum concentration, mean absorption time and terminal half‐life were 8.85 ± 3.63, 6.95 ± 3.42, and 8.67 ± 1.62 hr, respectively. Based on simulations of 10 mg/kg and 12‐hr dosing, steady‐state plasma theophylline concentrations are expected to exceed the minimum therapeutic concentration for 71.7 ± 35.6% of the dosing interval. Overall, the MCT product investigated showed similar pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to previously validated extended‐release theophylline products. An oral dose of 10 mg/kg q 12 hr is likely an appropriate dosage to begin therapy; however, therapeutic drug monitoring may be warranted because of inter‐individual variation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%