Theobromine Does Not Affect Fasting and Postprandial HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity, While It Decreases Fasting miR‐92a Levels in Humans

Talbot, Charlotte P.J.; Mensink, Ronald P.; Smolders, Lotte; Bakeroot, Virginie

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201800027

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…Although not evaluated in their circulating form, a recent study carried out with peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed that diets enriched in saturated fatty acids modify miRNA expression [23], suggesting that postprandial lipemia also influences miRNA expression in tissues. In contrast to previous studies, where specific c-miRNAs were evaluated in a postprandial state [24,25], our data evaluate the whole mice miRNome for the first time. Figure 2B–D shows the differential miRNA expression between different genotypes in mice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, there is scarce information about the levels of circulating miRNAs in response to postprandial dietary fat challenge. While one study in the rainbow trout fish showed that circulating miRNAs-128 and miR-223 are subjected to postprandial regulation and might reflect cholesterol-based changes in the liver [24], another study in humans reported an increase of miR-92a and miR-223 in ApoB-depleted serum after consumption of a high-fat meal [25]. These two studies evaluated specific miRNAs; however, there is very little information about postprandial c-miRNAs at a larger scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postprandial Circulating miRNAs in Response to a Dietary Fat Challenge

et al. 2019

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Postprandial lipemia has many physiopathological effects, some of which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be found in almost all biological fluids, but their postprandial kinetics are poorly described. We aimed to profile circulating miRNAs in response to a fat challenge. In total, 641 circulating miRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR in plasmas from mice two hours after lipid gavage. Mice with intestine-specific loss of Dicer were screened to identify potential miRNAs released by the intestine. A total of 68 miRNAs were selected for further validation. Ten circulating miRNAs were finally validated as responsive to postprandial lipemia, including miR-206-3p, miR-543-3p, miR-466c-5p, miR-27b-5p, miR-409-3p, miR-340-3p, miR-1941-3p, miR-10a-3p, miR-125a-3p, and miR-468-3p. Analysis of their possible tissues of origin/target showed an enrichment of selected miRNAs in liver, intestine, brain, or skeletal muscle. miR-206, miR-27b-5p, and miR-409-3p were validated in healthy humans. Analysis of their predicted target genes revealed their potential involvement in insulin/insulin like growth factor (insulin/IGF), angiogenesis, cholecystokinin B receptor signaling pathway (CCKR), inflammation or Wnt pathways for mice, and in platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and CCKR signaling pathways for humans. Therefore, the current study shows that certain miRNAs are released in the circulation in response to fatty meals, proposing them as potential novel therapeutic targets of lipid metabolism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postprandial Circulating miRNAs in Response to a Dietary Fat Challenge

et al. 2019

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“…In the present paper, we summarize the evidence on HDL functionality (CEC, CETP activity, and its antioxidant capacity by PON1 activity) as well as its expression and relationship with functional foods (extra virgin olive oil [ 27 , 81 , 83 , 84 , 85 ], whole grains [ 81 ], nuts [ 27 , 81 , 86 , 87 ], legumes [ 81 , 88 ], fresh fish [ 81 , 89 , 90 ], red wine [ 91 ]), fruits and vegetables [ 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 ], ginger [ 80 ], green tea [ 91 , 96 ], cocoa [ 91 , 97 ], and bioactive compounds as curcumin [ 79 , 80 ], resveratrol [ 78 , 98 ], and quercetin [ 75 , 76 , 99 ].…”

Section: Dietary Compounds and Their Effects On The Modulation Of Hdl-c Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence in the literature of functional foods and/or bioactive substances related to CEC, such as extra virgin olive oil [ 27 , 81 , 83 , 84 ], fruits [ 92 , 93 ], nuts [ 87 ], legumes [ 88 ], fish [ 89 , 90 ], quercetin [ 75 , 76 ], green tea, cocoa [ 91 , 97 ], red wine [ 91 ], curcumin [ 79 ], and resveratrol [ 78 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Dietary Compounds and Their Effects On The Modulation Of Hdl-c Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Food and Bioactive Compounds on the Modulation of the Functionality of HDL-C: A Narrative Review

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a serious public health problem and are the primary cause of death worldwide. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been identified as one of the most important molecules in the prevention of CVD due to its multiple anti-inflammatories, anti-atherogenic, and antioxidant properties. Currently, it has been observed that maintaining healthy levels of HDL-C does not seem to be sufficient if the functionality of this particle is not adequate. Modifications in the structure and composition of HDL-C lead to a pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidant, and dysfunctional version of the molecule. Various assays have evaluated some HDL-C functions on risk populations, but they were not the main objective in some of these. Functional foods and dietary compounds such as extra virgin olive oil, nuts, whole grains, legumes, fresh fish, quercetin, curcumin, ginger, resveratrol, and other polyphenols could increase HDL functionality by improving the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity. Nevertheless, additional rigorous research basic and applied is required in order to better understand the association between diet and HDL functionality. This will enable the development of nutritional precision management guidelines for healthy HDL to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults. The aim of the study was to increase the understanding of dietary compounds (functional foods and bioactive components) on the functionality of HDL.

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“…Apart from its nutrients, pleasant flavor, aroma, and color, cocoa is also known for offering many health benefits (Bonvehí, 2005), because it is an excellent source of antioxidants (Langer, Marshall, Day, & Morgan, 2011). Many different bioactive compounds are present in cocoa, such as polyphenols, mainly flavonoids (flavanols, procyanidins, and anthocyanins), and methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine; Talbot, Mensink, Smolders, Bakeroot, & Plat, 2018), among others. These phytochemicals can be present at different concentrations depending on diverse factors like cocoa variety and cocoa processing, which can lead to the presence of new bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap of cocoa quality and authenticity control in the industry: A review of conventional and alternative methods

Quelal-Vásconez

Lerma‐García

Pérez‐Esteve

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) and its derivatives are appreciated for their aroma, color, and healthy properties, and are commodities of high economic value worldwide. Wide ranges of conventional methods have been used for years to guarantee cocoa quality. Recently, however, demand for global cocoa and the requirements of sensory, functional, and safety cocoa attributes have changed. On the one hand, society and health authorities are increasingly demanding new more accurate quality control tests, including not only the analysis of physicochemical and sensory parameters, but also determinations of functional compounds and contaminants (some of which come in trace quantities). On the other hand, increased production forces industries to seek quality control techniques based on fast, nondestructive online methods. Finally, an increase in global cocoa demand and a consequent rise in prices can lead to future cases of fraud. For this reason, new analytes, technologies, and ways to analyze data are being researched, developed, and implemented into research or quality laboratories to control cocoa quality and authenticity. The main advances made in destructive techniques focus on developing new and more sensitive methods such as chromatographic analysis to detect metabolites and contaminants in trace quantities. These methods are used to assess cocoa quality; study new functional properties; control cocoa authenticity; or detect frequent emerging frauds. Regarding nondestructive methods, spectroscopy is the most explored technique, which is conducted within the near infrared range, and also within the medium infrared range to a lesser extent. It is applied mainly in the postharvest stage of cocoa beans to analyze different biochemical parameters or to assess the authenticity of cocoa and its derivatives.

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Theobromine Does Not Affect Fasting and Postprandial HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity, While It Decreases Fasting miR‐92a Levels in Humans

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Postprandial Circulating miRNAs in Response to a Dietary Fat Challenge

Postprandial Circulating miRNAs in Response to a Dietary Fat Challenge

Functional Food and Bioactive Compounds on the Modulation of the Functionality of HDL-C: A Narrative Review

Roadmap of cocoa quality and authenticity control in the industry: A review of conventional and alternative methods

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