Theileria annae in a young Swedish dog

Falkenö, Ulrika; Tasker, Séverine; Osterman‐Lind, Eva; Tvedten, Harold

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-55-50

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…microti in Hungary. According to Portuguese [ 13 ] and Swedish [ 39 ] researchers, this parasite may be capable of vertical spread and intrauterine transmission to the fetus, as its occurrence has been demonstrated in puppies free of tick infestation. It has also been suggested that, like B. gibsoni [ 40 ], Babesia cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on Babesia cf. microti infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Hungary

Farkas

Takács

Hornyák

et al. 2015

Parasites & Vectors

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BackgroundTo date, only one report of a small Babesia infection based on microscopic observation which caused babesiosis in two dogs in Hungary has been published. Babesiosis due to Babesia canis - which is endemic in the local dogs - has only been detected in captive grey wolves. No information is available on babesial/theilerial infections in red foxes in Hungary. The aim of the study was to screen red foxes in Hungary for babesial parasites by PCR and to compare their partial 18S rRNA gene sequences to those parasites of domestic dogs and wild canids from other countries.MethodsBlood samples of 404 red foxes originating from 316 locations representing all 19 Hungarian counties were screened in Hungary for babesial parasites by PCR and the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences were compared to those parasites of domestic dogs and wild canids from other countries.ResultsAltogether 81 red foxes out of 404 (20.0%; 95% CI: 16.4–24.2%) shot in 74 locations and in 17 of the 19 Hungarian counties were found to be infected with Babesia cf. microti by PCR.ConclusionsThis is the first report to demonstrate the occurrence of Babesia cf. microti in Hungary, and its widespread presence in the fox population throughout the country. Further studies are needed to identify the tick species involved in its transmission, and whether other mechanisms of transmission are involved in its spread in fox populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on Babesia cf. microti infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Hungary

Farkas

Takács

Hornyák

et al. 2015

Parasites & Vectors

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“…Babesia species (DNA detection by means of conventional PCR technique) were detected in 2.4 % of these samples (Hirsch and Pantchev 2008). However, canine babesiosis is increasingly endemic in both Germany (Barutzki et al 2007) and Switzerland Table 3 Current Babesia / Theileria species in the dog (small forms): at least five genetically different species (according to Zahler et al 2000a,b;Beck et al 2009;Irwin 2009;Birkenheuer 2012;Falkenö et al 2013;Najm et al 2014;Duscher et al 2014;Gallusova et al 2014;Rosa et al 2014;Baneth et al 2015;Farkas et al 2015). (Schaarschmidt et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Tick-borne Diseases (Borreliosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis) in German and Austrian Dogs: Status quo and Review of Distribution, Transmission, Clinical Findings, Diagnostics and Prophylaxis

et al. 2015

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Tick-borne diseases (TBD) in dogs have gained in significance in German and Austrian veterinary practices. The widespread European tick species Ixodes ricinus represents an important vector for spirochaetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group and Rickettsiales such as Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The meadow or ornate dog tick (Dermacentor reticulatus) is an important vector for Babesia canis, as is the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) for Babesia vogeli in the Mediterranean region. The present work covers pathogen transmission by tick vectors, including the mechanisms and the minimum intervals required, in conjunction with possible non-vector-borne transmission routes. It also addresses the incubation periods, pathogenicity and clinical findings associated with each pathogen and genospecies and presents case examples. Current data on prevalence, annual fluctuations and distribution in various pre-selected dog populations (symptomatic versus asymptomatic) in both countries are depicted in maps. Reasons for changes in prevalence (especially of Borrelia) are discussed. Criteria and algorithms for clinical diagnosis and monitoring in dogs, including case history, direct detection (blood smears, molecular detection by species-specific PCR and sequencing) and indirect methods (whole-cell and peptide-based antibody tests), are presented, together with laboratory abnormalities (haematology, clinical chemistry, urine). The role of anti-C6 antibody concentration (ACAC) and its correlation with proteinuria and Lyme nephritis are assessed on the basis of new data. Consideration is also given to the importance of blood smears, PCR and serology in the case of anaplasmosis and babesiosis, and the diagnostic value of combining these methods. The relevance of molecular differentiation of Anaplasma species (A. phagocytophilum versus A. platys) and Babesia spp. (large versus small forms) in cases of serological cross-reaction is emphasized. A summary is given of methods for prophylaxis using acaricide products (collars, spot-on solutions and oral treatments in both countries), vaccination (Borrelia and Babesia vaccines) and imidocarb-based chemoprophylaxis for large Babesia.

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“…Among small Babesia species, Babesia microti-like sp. isolates have been identifi ed in Portugal [76], Spain [77], France [78], Croatia [23], Serbia [66] and Sweden [79]. Table 1 presents Babesia species currently identifi ed in dogs with relevant vector tick species and geographical distribution.…”

Section: Taxonomy and Geographic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

et al. 2018

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Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by protozoal haemoparasites of different Babesia species. Babesiosis is one of the most important globally extended and quickly spreading tick-borne infections of dogs. This comprehensive review gives an in-depth overview of Babesia species currently identifi ed in dogs together with relevant vector tick species and their geographical distribution, life cycle and transmission of parasite. The main mechanisms in the pathogenesis of babesiosis are described and elucidated by recent literature overview. As Babesia infection causes a disease with very variable clinical manifestations, special attention is given to clinical signs, laboratory features and clinicopathological fi ndings. The diagnosis of canine babesiosis by microscopy, serological and molecular methods is reviewed, together with recent advances in mass spectrometry based assays. Accurate detection and species recognition are important for the selection of the appropriate therapy, monitoring and prediction of the outcome of the disease. Finally, guidelines for the treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis are given.

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Theileria annae in a young Swedish dog

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

First report on Babesia cf. microti infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Hungary

First report on Babesia cf. microti infection of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Hungary

Tick-borne Diseases (Borreliosis, Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis) in German and Austrian Dogs: Status quo and Review of Distribution, Transmission, Clinical Findings, Diagnostics and Prophylaxis

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

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