“…This linkage has also been extensively conserved in human chromosome 11 and 14 for eight genes (CPT1A, CRY2, CTR9, DDB1, DEAF1, EIF4G2, ST5, WT1) and five genes (DYNC1H1, GARNL1, PAPOLA, PSMC1, PYGL), respectively, although only BUB1B is localized to human chromosomes 15 (National Center for Biotechnology Information, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The genetic linkage of S. crassicollis X and Y chromosomes therefore have been highly conserved in amniotes; however, S. crassicollis XY sex chromosomes have no homology with the ZW sex chromosomes of P. sinensis, which is homologous to chicken chromosome 15 (Kawagoshi et al 2009), suggesting that their sex chromosomes were differentiated independently within the same order from different autosomes of the common ancestor. The eastern long-necked turtle (C. longicollis) of Chelidae has micro-XY sex chromosomes, which are detectable by C banding, reverse fluorescent staining, or comparative genomic hybridization (Ezaz et al 2006).…”