The zeta cell: A new ganglion cell type in cat retina

Berson, David M.; Pu, Mingliang; Famiglietti, Edward V.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19980921)399:2<269::aid-cne9>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 67 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…Stratification in Figure 1—figure supplement 2 and Figure 1—figure supplement 3, thus, positions VG3-ACs ideally to recruit input from transient rectified ON and OFF bipolar cells, as well as to form synapses with dendrites of W3-RGCs. The strategic importance of this laminar position is further corroborated by the observation that in all species examined, VG3-ACs and LED RGCs stratify near the center of the IPL (Berson et al, 1998; Roska and Werblin, 2001; Famiglietti, 2005; van Wyk et al, 2006; Zhang et al, 2012). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08025.005…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

An excitatory amacrine cell detects object motion and provides feature-selective input to ganglion cells in the mouse retina

Soto

Kerschensteiner

2015

eLife

146

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Retinal circuits detect salient features of the visual world and report them to the brain through spike trains of retinal ganglion cells. The most abundant ganglion cell type in mice, the so-called W3 ganglion cell, selectively responds to movements of small objects. Where and how object motion sensitivity arises in the retina is incompletely understood. In this study, we use 2-photon-guided patch-clamp recordings to characterize responses of vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGluT3)-expressing amacrine cells (ACs) to a broad set of visual stimuli. We find that these ACs are object motion sensitive and analyze the synaptic mechanisms underlying this computation. Anatomical circuit reconstructions suggest that VGluT3-expressing ACs form glutamatergic synapses with W3 ganglion cells, and targeted recordings show that the tuning of W3 ganglion cells' excitatory input matches that of VGluT3-expressing ACs' responses. Synaptic excitation of W3 ganglion cells is diminished, and responses to object motion are suppressed in mice lacking VGluT3. Object motion, thus, is first detected by VGluT3-expressing ACs, which provide feature-selective excitatory input to W3 ganglion cells.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08025.001

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

An excitatory amacrine cell detects object motion and provides feature-selective input to ganglion cells in the mouse retina

Soto

Kerschensteiner

2015

eLife

146

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“…Although the feline retina contains several morphologic classes of ganglion cells, 16,19,24,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] it is not difficult, particularly in the temporal FIGURE 3. Histograms comparing the soma sizes for ␣ and ␤ cells from normal feline eyes, eyes receiving an optic nerve injury and no treatment, and those receiving an optic nerve injury and treatment with BDNF at the time of the injury.…”

Section: Weber and Harmanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the acridine-stained retina the large cells are readily identified as ␣ cells, medium-sized cells are predominantly ␤ cells, and the remaining cells with small somata are mainly displaced amacrine or non-␣/␤ cells. 27,28,30,34 In this study, we chose to focus our analysis on ␣ and ␤ cells because they provide the primary input to the visual thalamus, 26,34,35 and their morphologies and functional roles are well documented. 16,36,37 We were able to identify and thus include only ␣ and ␤ cells because, as in other studies, the basic morphologic features needed to characterize the different types of ganglion cells remained evident, even for degenerating neurons.…”

Section: Weber and Harmanmentioning

confidence: 99%

BDNF Preserves the Dendritic Morphology of α and β Ganglion Cells in the Cat Retina after Optic Nerve Injury

Weber

Harman

2008

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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BDNF, in addition to promoting ganglion cell survival, plays an important role in preserving the somal and dendritic morphologies of the surviving ganglion cells, a necessary precursor to maintaining normal visual function. Ganglion cells, however, are not created equal with respect to their responses to nerve injury or to treatment of the eye with BDNF. Thus, development of effective treatment strategies for preserving ganglion cell function in optic nerve-related diseases mandates a clearer understanding of the cellular response characteristics of the specific neurons involved.

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“…This is in contrast to cat retina, in which beta or class II cells, the counterparts of X cells~Saito, 1983!, have the smallest diameters~cf. Berson et al, 1998!. Quantitative analysis of small-tufted ganglion cells in rabbit retina has shown only modest differences among the four class IV types in size and level of dendritic stratification in the IPL. Moreover, the rate of change of dendritic-field size, m1 and m2, with distance from the mid-visual streak is also similar among the three types for which data are available.…”

Section: Feature Detection Movement Detection and Visual Acuity In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Small-tufted” ganglion cells and two visual systems for the detection of object motion in rabbit retina

Famiglietti

2005

Vis Neurosci

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Small-tufted (ST) ganglion cells of rabbit retina are divided into eight types based upon morphology, branching pattern, level of dendritic stratification, and quantitative dimensional analysis. Only one of these types has been previously characterized in Golgi preparations, and four may be discerned in the work of others. Given their small dendritic-field size, and assuming uniform mosaics of each across the retina, ST cells comprise about 45% of all rabbit ganglion cells, and are therefore of major functional significance. Four ST cells occur as two paramorphic (a/b) pairs, and thus belong to class III, as previously defined. Four branch in sublaminae a and b of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and therefore belong to class IV. ST cells have small cell bodies 10-15 microm in diameter, small axons 0.7-1.3 microm in diameter, and small dendritic-field diameters, 40-110 microm in mid-visual streak. The dendrites of ST cells are highly branched, and bear spines and appendages of varying length, but vary from type to type. Class III.2 cells and class III.3 cells are partly bistratified. Class IV small-tufted cells differ characteristically in multiple features of dendritic branching and stratification. Class III small-tufted cells apparently have concentric (ON-center and OFF-center) receptive fields and may have "sluggish-transient" (class III.2) and "sluggish-sustained" (class III.3) physiology. Class IV cells include the "local-edge-detector" (LED) (class IVst1), and are all expected to give ON-OFF responses to small, centered, slowly moving visual stimuli. Based upon systematic variation in dendritic-field size across the retina, ST cells may be divided into two groups. In this "universal prey" species, they may belong to two systems of motion detection, typified by ON-OFF directionally selective and LED ganglion cells, respectively, specialized for detection of rapid motion at the horizon for land-based predators, and slow motion for airborne predators.

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The zeta cell: A new ganglion cell type in cat retina

Cited by 67 publications

References 71 publications

An excitatory amacrine cell detects object motion and provides feature-selective input to ganglion cells in the mouse retina

An excitatory amacrine cell detects object motion and provides feature-selective input to ganglion cells in the mouse retina

BDNF Preserves the Dendritic Morphology of α and β Ganglion Cells in the Cat Retina after Optic Nerve Injury

“Small-tufted” ganglion cells and two visual systems for the detection of object motion in rabbit retina

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