The youngest sauropod evidence in Europe

Sellés, Albert G.; Marmi, Josep; Llácer, Sergio; Blanco, Alejandro

doi:10.1080/08912963.2015.1059834

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…3e,g ). In previous histological studies on dermal, axial and appendicular bones of titanosaur sauropods 28 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 only the first type of endosteal bone tissues were reported, and no mention was made of the other endosteal tissue types. Furthermore, in our sample of 74 bones of titanosaurs we only found the second and third types of endosteally formed tissue in three bones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascularised endosteal bone tissue in armoured sauropod dinosaurs

Chinsamy

Cerda

Powell

2016

Sci Rep

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The presence of well-vascularised, endosteal bone in the medullary region of long bones of nonavian dinosaurs has been invoked as being homologous to medullary bone, a specialised bone tissue formed during ovulation in birds. However, similar bone tissues can result as a pathological response in modern birds and in nonavian dinosaurs, and has also been reported in an immature nonavian dinosaur. Here we report on the occurrence of well-vascularised endosteally formed bone tissue in three skeletal elements of armoured titanosaur sauropods from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina: i) within the medullary cavity of a metatarsal, ii) inside a pneumatic cavity of a posterior caudal vertebra, iii) in intra-trabecular spaces in an osteoderm. We show that considering the criteria of location, origin (or development), and histology, these endosteally derived tissues in the saltasaurine titanosaurs could be described as either medullary bone or pathological bone. Furthermore, we show that similar endosteally formed well-vascularised bone tissue is fairly widely distributed among nondinosaurian Archosauriformes, and are not restricted to long bones, but can occur in the axial, and dermal skeleton. We propose that independent evidence is required to verify whether vascularised endosteal bone tissues in extinct archosaurs are pathological or reproductive in nature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascularised endosteal bone tissue in armoured sauropod dinosaurs

Chinsamy

Cerda

Powell

2016

Sci Rep

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“…For the proper assignation of these specimens, further studies as well as the recovery of new remains will be necessary. Both these remains appeared in the middle part of the "lower red unit", so if their assignment to Sauropoda is confirmed, they would be more modern than the femur, extending the presence of sauropods to chron C29r, as already seen in other sectors of the Tremp Basin (Sellés et al, 2016).…”

Section: Sauropodsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…(Canudo, 2001;Vila et al, 2012). This femur was recovered in the "grey unit" of the Tremp Formation, representing one of the youngest sauropods yet documented in Eurasia (Canudo, 2001;Vila et al, 2012;Sellés et al, 2016).…”

Section: Sauropodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chronostratigraphy and new vertebrate sites from the upper Maastrichtian of Huesca (Spain), and their relation with the K/Pg boundary

Puértolas-Pascual

Arenillas

Arz

et al. 2018

Cretaceous Research

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The transitional-continental facies of the Tremp Formation within the South-Pyrenean Central Unit (Spain) contain one of the best continental vertebrate records of the Upper Cretaceous in Europe. This Pyrenean area is therefore an exceptional place to study the extinction of continental vertebrates across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary, being one of the few places in Europe that has a relatively continuous record ranging from the upper Campanian to lower Eocene. The Serraduy area, located on the northwest flank of the Tremp syncline, has seen the discovery of abundant vertebrate remains in recent years, highlights being the presence of hadrosaurid dinosaurs and eusuchian crocodylomorphs. Nevertheless, although these deposits have been provisionally assigned a Maastrichtian age, they have not previously been dated with absolute or relative methods. This paper presents a detailed stratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic study for the first time in this area, making it possible to assign most vertebrate sites from the Serraduy area a late Maastrichtian age, specifically within polarity chron C29r. These results confirm that the vertebrate sites from Serraduy are among the most modern of the Upper Cretaceous in Europe, being very close to the K/Pg boundary.

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“…The fossil record of sauropod dinosaurs extends through most of the Mesozoic, from the Late Triassic ( Lallensack et al, 2017 ) to the very end of the Cretaceous ( Riera et al, 2009 ; Sellés et al, 2016 ). However, their record in the earliest Cretaceous, as for most dinosaurs, is much less rich ( Tennant et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenoposeidonis the earliest known rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur

Taylor¹

2018

PeerJ

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Xenoposeidon proneneukos is a sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Hastings Group of England. It is represented by a single partial dorsal vertebra, NHMUK PV R2095, which consists of the centrum and the base of a tall neural arch. Despite its fragmentary nature, it is recognisably distinct from all other sauropods, and is here diagnosed with five unique characters. One character previously considered unique is here recognised as shared with the rebbachisaurid diplodocoid Rebbachisaurus garasbae from the mid-Cretaceous of Morocco: an ‘M’-shaped arrangement of laminae on the lateral face of the neural arch. Following the more completely preserved R. garasbae, these laminae are now interpreted as ACPL and lateral CPRL, which intersect anteriorly; and PCDL and CPOL, which intersect posteriorly. Similar arrangements are also seen in some other rebbachisaurid specimens (though not all, possibly due to serial variation), but never in non-rebbachisaurid sauropods. Xenoposeidon is therefore referred to Rebbachisauridae. Due to its inferred elevated parapophysis, the holotype vertebra is considered a mid-posterior dorsal despite its elongate centrum. Since Xenoposeidon is from the Berriasian–Valanginian (earliest Cretaceous) Ashdown Formation of the Wealden Supergroup of southern England, it is the earliest known rebbachisaurid by some 10 million years. Electronic 3D models were invaluable in determining Xenoposeidon’s true affinities: descriptions of complex bones such as sauropod vertebrae should always provide them where possible.

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The youngest sauropod evidence in Europe

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Vascularised endosteal bone tissue in armoured sauropod dinosaurs

Vascularised endosteal bone tissue in armoured sauropod dinosaurs

Chronostratigraphy and new vertebrate sites from the upper Maastrichtian of Huesca (Spain), and their relation with the K/Pg boundary

Xenoposeidonis the earliest known rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur

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