The Year-Round Upwelling at the Shelf Break Near the Northern Tip of Taiwan as Evidenced by Chemical Hydrography

Liu, Kon-Kee; Gong, Gwo‐Ching; Lin, Shih-Ting; Yang, Chao-Yeuh; Wei, Ching-Ling; Pai, Su‐Cheng; Wu, Chong-Kung

doi:10.3319/tao.1992.3.3.243(keep)

Cited by 111 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Fortunately, the ocean model faithfully reproduces the countercurrent as well as a cyclonic eddy with which upwelling is generally associated (see Fig. 6b) (Chuang et al, 1993a;Hsueh et al, 1992;Liu et al, 1992;Tang et al, 2000;Wong et al, 2000). However, owing to its small spatial scale (~70 km as reported by (Tang et al, 1999)) the cyclonic eddy is not easily identified in Fig.…”

Section: Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical study on the origins and the forcing mechanism of the phosphate in upwelling areas off the coast of Zhejiang province, China in summer

Yang

Yin

Sun

et al. 2013

Journal of Marine Systems

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Off the coast of Zhejiang province, China, algal blooms are frequently observed where the phosphate seems to be an essential ingredient to dominate the growth of the phytoplankton in summer. Therefore, the observed high phosphate distributions off the coast of Zhejiang are closely examined to find out the dominant phosphate origin as well as the underlying forcing mechanism in summer. The observed phosphate distribution has been faithfully reproduced by our numerical model based on the Regional Ocean model System (ROMS). Then, on the basis of the numerical experiments as well as the observations, we propose that the phosphate off the coast of Zhejiang mainly originates from the deep sea water in a special area (122.1°E-z122.5°E, 130 m-300 m deep) along 24.9°N northeast of Taiwan. Also, the forcing mechanism is clearly illustrated. In the bottom water of southern East China Sea, huge phosphate is continuously transported to the area off the coast of Zhejiang by a nearshore Kuroshio branch current which links the phosphate-rich deep sea water to the bottom water off the coast of Zhejiang. Then, off the coast of Zhejiang the transported phosphate-rich water is further upwelled to the surface water due to an upwelling just off the coast of Zhejiang. Then, the upwelled phosphate-rich water is transported offshore in the surface water by the northeastward flowing Taiwan Warm Current, forming a high phosphate tongue which can be easily utilized by the phytoplankton and then immediately explains the observed high chlorophyll tongue off the coast of Zhejiang.Crown

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Section: Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Numerical study on the origins and the forcing mechanism of the phosphate in upwelling areas off the coast of Zhejiang province, China in summer

Yang

Yin

Sun

et al. 2013

Journal of Marine Systems

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“…The upwelling of subsurface water on the shelf-break of the SECS has long been observed (Chen et al, 1990;Gong et al, 1995;Liu et al, 1992). The wax and wane of the outcrop of cool upwelled water were attributed to the inflow of the Taiwan Strait water (Gong et al, 1995), or an influence of the strong northeast monsoon in winter (Chuang and Liang, 1994;Gong et al, 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of typhoon on particulate organic carbon flux in the southern East China Sea

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Severe tropical storms play an important role in triggering phytoplankton blooms, but the extent to which such storms influence biogenic carbon flux from the euphotic zone is unclear. In 2008, typhoon Fengwong provided a unique opportunity to study the in situ biological responses including phytoplankton blooms and particulate organic carbon fluxes associated with a severe storm in the southern East China Sea (SECS). After passage of the typhoon, the sea surface temperature (SST) in the SECS was markedly cooler (∼25 to 26 • C) than before typhoon passage (∼28 to 29 • C). The POC flux 5 days after passage of the typhoon was 265 ± 14 mg C m −2 d −1 , which was ∼1.7-fold that (140-180 mg C m −2 d −1 ) recorded during a period (June-August, 2007) when no typhoons occurred. A somewhat smaller but nevertheless significant increase in POC flux (224-225 mg C m −2 d −1 ) was detected following typhoon Sinlaku which occurred approximately 1 month after typhoon Fengwong, indicating that typhoon events can increase biogenic carbon flux efficiency in the SECS. Remarkably, phytoplankton uptake accounted for only about 5% of the nitrate injected into the euphotic zone by typhoon Fengwong. It is likely that phytoplankton population growth was constrained by a combination of light limitation and grazing pressure. Modeled estimates of new/export production were remarkably consistent with the average of new and export production following typhoon Fengwong. The same modelCorrespondence to: C.-C. Hung (cchung@ntou.edu.tw) suggested that during non-typhoon conditions approximately half of the export of organic carbon occurs via convective mixing of dissolved organic carbon, a conclusion consistent with earlier work at comparable latitudes in the open ocean.

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“…[2] In the southern East China Sea (ECS), the impingement of the Kuroshio current onto the continental shelf results in year-round persistent upwelling and one of the most important nutrient sources in the ECS [Liu et al, 1992;Gong et al, 1995]. This upwelling of nutrients supports high primary productivity (PP, mgC m À2 d À1 ) and an abundance of ichthyoplankton [Chiu, 1991;Shiah et al, 1995], making the southern ECS as an important fishing ground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of phytoplankton primary productivity in the southern East China Sea following episodic typhoon passage

Siswanto

Morimoto

Kojima

2009

Geophysical Research Letters

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The enhancement of primary productivity (PPenh) in the southern East China Sea (ECS) following 16 typhoon passages was investigated using ocean color data and a primary productivity model. PPenh tended to be higher when typhoons traversed slowly with trajectories that allowed strong southerly winds to prevail over Yonaguni Island. Such long‐lasting southerly winds were believed to push the Kuroshio current axis shelfward, enhancing the upwelling of nutrients, hence promoting new productivity (NP). The importance of long‐lasting southerly winds as a proxy for physical perturbations underlying PPenh was expressed by an empirical equation by which 88% of PPenh variation could be explained. Applying this equation, we assessed that typhoon passages accounted for a minimum of 0.6–11.8% of the ECS summer–fall NP, suggesting that typhoon passage over the southern ECS is an important phenomenon supporting NP in the ECS.

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The Year-Round Upwelling at the Shelf Break Near the Northern Tip of Taiwan as Evidenced by Chemical Hydrography

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Numerical study on the origins and the forcing mechanism of the phosphate in upwelling areas off the coast of Zhejiang province, China in summer

Numerical study on the origins and the forcing mechanism of the phosphate in upwelling areas off the coast of Zhejiang province, China in summer

The effect of typhoon on particulate organic carbon flux in the southern East China Sea

Enhancement of phytoplankton primary productivity in the southern East China Sea following episodic typhoon passage

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