The year-round phenology of the migratory Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in a Mediterranean area in southern Spain

Cuadrado, Mariano

doi:10.14411/eje.2017.066

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Given that some of the butterflies on Menorca are long‐range migratory species (e.g. Colias crocea , Pieris rapae , Pieris brassicae , Vanessa atalanta and Vanessa cardui ) whose immature stages do not develop on the island (Stefanescu, 2001; John et al ., 2008; Stefanescu et al ., 2013; Bensusan et al ., 2014; Cuadrado, 2017), it was also necessary to obtain the mean temperatures in the regions where these species originate. Specifically, through ERA‐interim (Dee et al ., 2011), a global atmospheric reanalysis updated in real time by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (http://www.ecmwf.int), the monthly mean temperatures of four domains were obtained: North Africa (32.25°N < latitude <36.75 N°; 10.50°W < longitude <10.50°E); Europe (32.25°N < latitude <45.75°N; 10.50°W < longitude <10.50°E); Mediterranean Europe (37.50°N < latitude <45.75°N; 0.00° < longitude <10.50°E); and Atlantic Europe (37.50°N < latitude <45.75°N; 10.50°W < longitude <0.75°W).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio‐temporal responses of butterflies to global warming on a Mediterranean island over two decades

Colom

Traveset

Carreras³

et al. 2020

Ecological Entomology

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1. One very conspicuous sign that warming is affecting the ecology of butterflies are the phenological advances occurring in many species. Moreover, rising temperatures are having a notable impact – both negative and positive – on population abundances. To date, patterns have generally been analysed at species level without taking into account possible differences between populations, which, when they are noted, are mostly attributed to large‐scale climate differences across a latitudinal gradient. 2. We use a long‐term database (18 years) of butterflies from five sites of the island of Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) to investigate how phenology and population dynamics have been affected by climate warming during the past two decades. 3. Both species' phenology and abundance respond differently to warming at a local scale depending on the season. Rising temperatures in spring give rise to greater advancement of the phenology, whereas warming affects population abundance negatively in summer. Additional variability of responses among sites suggests that habitats are involved in the modulation of the aforementioned seasonal effect. 4. We discuss how the effects of temperature could be partially offset in more inland habitats such as forests or deep ravines, especially the latter which represent particularly fresh and humid environments. The positive effect of temperature on ravine populations during the summer suggests that butterflies disperse across habitats as a response to rising temperatures during the season. This dispersal behaviour as a response to warming could be especially important in island ecosystems where the possibilities of modifying altitudinal or latitudinal distributions are often severely limited.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio‐temporal responses of butterflies to global warming on a Mediterranean island over two decades

Colom

Traveset

Carreras³

et al. 2020

Ecological Entomology

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“…After the flight phase, changes in juvenile hormone levels reshape the insects from migratory to breeding states were sexual differentiation are more marked (for review, see [24]). Since we know that red admirals migrate to the Mediterranean area to reproduce during winter, males and females must share wintering areas in this region [20, 47]. Mating before migration is unlikely in red admirals, knowing that migration and subsequent breeding are two distinctly different phases in the life cycle of migratory insects [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We believe that males captured at Rybachy do not visit the region for hibernation, but must instead be captured on migrating passage to reach more suitable winter habitat for reproduction (e.g. [20, 47]). Experimental studies of hibernating red admirals show that mortality rates increased dramatically in a moist environment [35], suggesting Rybachy is likely bad for hibernation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic origin and migration phenology of European red admirals (Vanessa atalanta) as revealed by stable isotopes

et al. 2018

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BackgroundLong-distance migration has evolved multiple times in different animal taxa. For insect migrants, the complete annual migration cycle covering several thousand kilometres, may be performed by several generations, each migrating part of the distance and reproducing. Different life-cycle stages and preferred orientation may thus, be found along the migration route. For migrating red admirals (Vanessa atalanta) it has been questioned if they reproduce in the most northern part of the range. Here we present migration phenology data from a two-year time series of migrating red admirals captured at Rybachy, Kaliningrad, in the northern part of Europe investigating time for migration, life-history stage (migration, reproduction) as well as site of origin in individual butterflies.MethodsRed admirals were captured daily at a coastal site during spring, summer and autumn in 2004 and 2005. For the sampled individuals, reproductive status and fuel content were estimated by visual inspection, and hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) were analysed in wing samples. δ2H values was compared with samples from two nearby reference sites in Estonia and Poland.ResultsAnalysis of hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) in red admiral wings showed that the spring cohort were of a southerly origin, while those caught in August or later in the autumn were from the local region or areas further to the north. All females caught during spring had developing eggs in their abdomen, but no eggs were found in late summer/autumn. There was a male-biased sex ratio during autumn and a difference in lipid content between years. When comparing the isotopic data with inland nearby locations, it was clear that the range of δ2H values (− 181 to − 78) was wider at Rybachy as compared to the two reference sites in Estonia and Poland (− 174 to − 100).ConclusionsDuring spring, migratory female red admirals arrived from the south and were ready to reproduce, while the autumn passage mainly engaged local and more northern individuals carrying large fuel deposits in preparation for long-distance migration. The phenology data suggest that individuals select to migrate in favourable weather conditions and that numbers may differ between years. Future studies should focus on individual sampling at a wide range of sites to reveal differential migration strategies and timing of migration between sexes and populations of migrating butterflies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40462-018-0143-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Territorial males exhibit a well-defi ned behaviour against other males: two males circling closely around each other while ascending for a few seconds that ends with one of them fl ying away (cf. Bitzer, 1995;Bitzer & Shaw, 1979;Stefanescu, 2001, see also Brown & Alcock, 1990Cuadrado, 2017 for a description of this behaviour in red admiral butterfl ies, Vanessa atalanta Linnaeus, 1758). In some cases, the intruder attacked the territorial male, which immediately fl ew away.…”

Section: Reproductive Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…observ.). Males are territorial and mate a few hours before sunset (see also Brown & Alcock, 1990;Cuadrado, 2017 for similar behaviour in Vanessa atalanta).…”

Section: Reproductive Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing year-round phenology and reproduction of the migratory painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), in a Mediterranean area in southern Spain

Cuadrado¹

2021

Eur. J. Entomol.

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generations are thought to be involved in an annual migratory loop of about 12,000-14,000 km between tropical West Africa and Scandinavia, which is the longest regular insect migration circuit currently known (Stefanescu et al., 2013;Menchetti et al., 2019; Hu et al., 2021).Recently, a number of studies have reported some important cues for the migratory habits of this species in the Palearctic. First, Stefanescu et al. (2017) report the complete absence of this species in North Africa (Morocco and Algeria) at the end of summer (mid-to-late September) followed by the arrival of huge numbers of migrants in October and early November. Isotopic analyses of butterfl y wings confi rm that most of these migrants come from Europe although there is also a signifi cant immigration from the Sahel region (Stefanescu et al., 2016).Secondly, some fi eld studies report both the presence of painted ladies in the Maghreb region in winter (Stefanescu

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The year-round phenology of the migratory Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in a Mediterranean area in southern Spain

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Spatio‐temporal responses of butterflies to global warming on a Mediterranean island over two decades

Spatio‐temporal responses of butterflies to global warming on a Mediterranean island over two decades

Geographic origin and migration phenology of European red admirals (Vanessa atalanta) as revealed by stable isotopes

Assessing year-round phenology and reproduction of the migratory painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), in a Mediterranean area in southern Spain

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