The YAK-AEROSIB transcontinental aircraft campaigns: new insights on the
                        transport of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CO and O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;
                        across Siberia

Paris, Jean-Daniel; Ciais, Philippe; Nédélec, Philippe; Ramonet, Michel; Belan, B. D.; Arshinov, Mikhail; Golitsyn, G. S.; Granberg, I. G.; Stohl, Andreas; Cayez, Grégoire; Athier, G.; Boumard, F.; Cousin, Jean-Marc

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00369.x

Cited by 67 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…3.5). At the moment, there is a serious gap in our knowledge on tropospheric composition and chemistry over Russia and China, with particularly few observation programs being active over Siberia (Crutzen et al, 1998;Ramonet et al, 2002;Paris et al, 2008;Kozlova et al, 2008;Uttal et al, 2015, Paris et al, 2010aSasakawa et al, 2010;Chi et al, 2013;Saeki et al, 2013;Ding et al, 2013a, b;Berchet et al, 2015;Heimann et al, 2014). There is thus an urgent need for harmonized, coordinated and comprehensive greenhouse gas, trace gas, and aerosol in situ observations over northern Eurasia and China (longterm transport aspect) comparable to European and circumpolar data observations.…”

Section: Atmospheric Composition and Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-atmosphereaquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context.

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Section: Atmospheric Composition and Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

et al. 2016

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“…Here we use measurement data collected over Western and Eastern Siberia onboard the Optik Tu-134 aircraft laboratory in the framework of the Airborne Extensive Regional Observations (YAK-AEROSIB) experiments (Paris et al, 2008;2009a). In summer 2012, the YAK-AEROSIB measurement campaign was carried out on 31 July and 1 August (Antokhin et al, 2018 August, the aircraft departed back from Yakutsk and landed in Novosibirsk.…”

Section: Aircraft Measurements 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurement techniques have been described previously (Paris et al, 2008;2009a,b). Briefly, eBC was measured with an aethalometer (Panchenko et al, 2000;, which detects diffuse light attenuation by particles collected on a filter.…”

Section: Aircraft Measurements 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, assuming that the typical density of BB aerosol is about 1.3 g cm −3 (Reid et al, 2005b), we estimated the C-factor for our case to be of 1.27. Measurements of the CO mixing ratio were made with a modified commercial gas analyzer Thermo 48C (Thermo Environmental Instruments, USA; see Nédélec et al, 2003;Paris et al, 2008). Note that the measurements of the CO mixing ratio were used in this study only for the selection of aerosol measurements representative of BB plumes (as explained below in Sect.…”

Section: Aircraft Measurements 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of black carbon emissions from Siberian fires using satellite observations of absorption and extinction optical depths

Konovalov¹,

Lvova²,

Beekmann³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Black carbon (BC) emissions from open biomass burning (BB) are known to have a considerable impact on the radiative budget of the atmosphere on global and regional scales but are poorly constrained in models by atmospheric 20 observations, especially in remote regions. Here, we investigate the feasibility of constraining BC emissions from BB with satellite observations of the aerosol absorption optical depth (AAOD) and the aerosol extinction optical depth (AOD) retrieved from OMI (Ozone monitoring instrument) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) measurements, respectively. We consider the case of Siberian BB BC emissions, which have a strong potential to impact the Arctic climate system. Using aerosol remote sensing data collected at Siberian sites of the Aerosol Robotic Network 25 (AERONET) along with the results of the Fourth Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4), we establish an empirical parameterization relating the ratio of the elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) contents in BB aerosol to the ratio of AAOD and AOD at the wavelengths of the satellite observations. Applying this parameterization to the BC and OC column amounts simulated with the CHIMERE chemistry transport model, we optimize the parameters of the BB emission model based on MODIS measurements of the fire radiative power (FRP) and obtain top-down optimized estimates of the 30 total monthly BB BC amounts emitted from intense Siberian fires that occurred in May-September 2012. The top-down estimates are compared to the corresponding values obtained using the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED4) and the Fire Emission Inventory-northern Eurasia (FEI-NE). Our simulations using the optimized BB aerosol emissions are verified against AAOD and AOD data that were withheld from the estimation procedure. The simulations are further evaluated against in situ EC and OC measurements at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) and also against aerosol 35 2 measurement data collected on board of an aircraft in the framework of the Airborne Extensive Regional Observations (YAK-AEROSIB) experiments. We conclude that our BC and OC emission estimates, considered with their confidence intervals, are consistent with the ensemble of the measurement data analyzed in this study. Siberian fires are found to emit 0.41 ± 0.14 Tg of BC over the whole period of the five months considered; this estimate is a factor of 2 larger and a factor of 1.5 smaller compared to that the corresponding estimates based on the GFED4 (0.20 Tg) and FEI-NE (0.61 Tg) data, 5 respectively. Our estimates of monthly BC emissions are also found to be larger than the BC amounts calculated with the GFED4 data and smaller than those calculated with the FEI-NE data for any of the five months. Especially large positive differences of our estimates of monthly BC emissions with respect to the GFED4 data are found in May and September. This finding indicates that the GFED4 database is likely to strongly underestimate BC emissions from agricultural burns and ...

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“…For these years, the variation in CO does not follow the variation in the number of fires. The large region selected over Siberia is known to also be impacted by CO-enriched plumes transported from other regions, such as polluted air masses from China (e.g., Paris et al, 2008) or from Europe (e.g., Pochanart et al, 2003). These external influences interfere with the CO plumes originating from forest fires measured over this region.…”

Section: The Iasi Data Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of enhancement ratios of HCOOH relative to CO in biomass burning plumes by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)

2017

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Abstract. Formic acid (HCOOH) concentrations are often underestimated by models, and its chemistry is highly uncertain. HCOOH is, however, among the most abundant atmospheric volatile organic compounds, and it is potentially responsible for rain acidity in remote areas. HCOOH data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) are analyzed from 2008 to 2014 to estimate enhancement ratios from biomass burning emissions over seven regions. Fire-affected HCOOH and CO total columns are defined by combining total columns from IASI, geographic location of the fires from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and the surface wind speed field from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Robust correlations are found between these fire-affected HCOOH and CO total columns over the selected biomass burning regions, allowing the calculation of enhancement ratios equal to 7.30 × 10 −3 ± 0.08 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over Amazonia (AMA), 11.10 × 10 −3 ± 1.37 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over Australia (AUS), 6.80 × 10 −3 ± 0.44 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over India (IND), 5.80 × 10 −3 ± 0.15 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over Southeast Asia (SEA), 4.00 × 10 −3 ± 0.19 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over northern Africa (NAF), 5.00 × 10 −3 ± 0.13 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over southern Africa (SAF), and 4.40 × 10 −3 ± 0.09 × 10 −3 mol mol −1 over Siberia (SIB), in a fair agreement with previous studies. In comparison with referenced emission ratios, it is also shown that the selected agricultural burning plumes captured by IASI over India and Southeast Asia correspond to recent plumes where the chemistry or the sink does not occur. An additional classification of the enhancement ratios by type of fuel burned is also provided, showing a diverse origin of the plumes sampled by IASI, especially over Amazonia and Siberia. The variability in the enhancement ratios by biome over the different regions show that the levels of HCOOH and CO do not only depend on the fuel types.

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The YAK-AEROSIB transcontinental aircraft campaigns: new insights on the transport of CO<sub>2</sub>, CO and O<sub>3</sub> across Siberia

Cited by 67 publications

References 65 publications

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land–atmosphere–ocean–society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

Estimation of black carbon emissions from Siberian fires using satellite observations of absorption and extinction optical depths

Determination of enhancement ratios of HCOOH relative to CO in biomass burning plumes by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)

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