The working capacity of rural, urban and service personnel in the Sudan

Karim, M. A. Awad El; Sukkar, M. Y.; Collins, Kenneth J.; Doré, Caroline J

doi:10.1080/00140138108924916

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Nevertheless, neither of these historic groups has signi cant differences from the most and least active extremes, similar to other populations with intermediate mobility (Table 3). These results overall suggests that a more complex pattern of bular shape emerges when populations in-between hunter-gathering and most sedentary subsistence extremes are compared, and that other factors such as military activity, transhumance and ancestry may play an important role (Bridges 1989;Karim et al 1981).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 86%

Exploring the role of fibular extremities as indicators of mobility patterns and locomotor behavior in Homo sapiens from Mid- Late Upper Paleolithic to the modern age

Pietrobelli,

Sorrentino,

Sparacello

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The human fibular shape has been scarcely analyzed in anthropology. However, studies on athletes and human archaeological samples suggest the importance of including fibular structural properties to reconstruct mobility patterns in past populations. This study analyzes human fibular variation in relation to mobility patterns, environmental conditions, subsistence economies, and shoe use to further explore the role of this bone in reconstructing mobility patterns in past populations. The sample consists of 173 individuals from archaeological and modern skeletal collections spanning the Mid-Late Upper Paleolithic to the 20th century and includes hunter-gatherers, agriculturalists, herders, and post-industrialists. Virtual three-dimensional models of left fibulae were acquired by computer tomography and surface scanning. Fibular proximal and distal epiphyseal morphologies were investigated through 3D semilandmark-based geometric morphometric methods and compared among populations and mobility categories. Our analysis reveals a trend separating groups based on their subsistence strategy and chronology. Some fibular traits (e.g., horizontal proximal tibiofibular and tilted distal talofibular articular surfaces, robust interosseous membrane, broad malleolar fossa, projecting m. biceps femoris insertion) indicate greater mobility of fibular joints and load sharing during ankle and knee excursion in foraging groups, which are presumably highly active, frequently traversing uneven terrain with absent/minimalist foot coverings. Stiffer fibular joints (e.g., obliquely oriented tibiofibular and vertical talofibular articular surfaces) are observed in sedentary populations, which may suggest a restricted ankle excursion and limited lower limb loading and use, consistent with their sedentary lifestyle in plain urban settlements with hard-shoe coverings. Other fibular traits (e.g., shorter subcutaneous triangular surface, projecting and anteriorly-facing malleolus, concave peroneal groove and proximal peroneal insertion) might indicate for mobile groups a more everted foot posture with increased moment arm in eversion, more efficient for barefoot/minimal footwear running in a forefoot-strike gait and concurring in the stabilization of the first metatarsophalangeal ray. These results further stress the functional role of fibular morphology and its importance in studies investigating past population mobility patterns.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 86%

Exploring the role of fibular extremities as indicators of mobility patterns and locomotor behavior in Homo sapiens from Mid- Late Upper Paleolithic to the modern age

Pietrobelli,

Sorrentino,

Sparacello

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…W hile quantitative demands increase, work-tasks become impoverished both physically and mentally (Karim et al 1981, Christmansson 1994. Organizational and psychosocial factors also related with work-related problems (Sadeque et al 1997a) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Work-related problems in metal handling tasks in Bangladesh: obstacles to the development of safety and health measures

Mohiuddin²,

Väyrynen³

et al. 1999

Ergonomics

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Many manual labourers in Bangladesh are involved with metal-handling tasks that are both physically demanding and stressful. The metal workers have been significantly exposed to prolonged hammering and cutting activities in excessive noise and with awkward body postures. Moreover, stressors from heat and humidity, welding fumes and metal dusts often cause excess strain, and are reflected in a deterioration of their physical work performance. Indeed, physical work is the economic source in many developing countries for the support of worker's family and relatives. Unfortunately, there are many obstacles and a lack of efficient steps to restore ergonomics principles as well as occupational safety and health measures. Thus, in this paper, tasks, and jobs are classified and analysed from the results of an ergonomics survey from 343 subjects (293 adults men, age 20-40 years; 17 women, 19-32 years) and 33 child workers (14-17 years). Four types of metal working sites from two districts in Bangladesh were surveyed using questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that a significant number of workers experienced a high prevalence of work-related problems. The main aim was to identify stressful task that are related to musculoskeletal and psychosocial symptoms. Moreover, the findings reveal the possibility of why ergonomics measures are unsuccessful; and if they could have an immediate effect on the safety and health of metal workers in Bangladesh.

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“…Awad El Karim and Sukkar (1981) have demonstrated that this agricultural labor creates the same level of aerobic fitness as attained by physically trained soldiers among agricultural laborers. An important stimulus or outcome (depending on one's perspective) of a shift to agricultural production is reduced birthspacing and an increase in fecundity, Blurton-Jones et al (1992) have again demonstrated this difference between huntergatherers and agriculturalists, noting that the Hadza, a hunter-gatherer group from East Africa, although more fertile and having a younger age structure than the !Kung, are less fertile and present an older age structure than their non-Hadza farming and herding neighbors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

On the biomechanical and osteoarthritic differences between hunter‐gatherers and agriculturalists

Knüsel

1993

American J Phys Anthropol

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The working capacity of rural, urban and service personnel in the Sudan

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Exploring the role of fibular extremities as indicators of mobility patterns and locomotor behavior in Homo sapiens from Mid- Late Upper Paleolithic to the modern age

Exploring the role of fibular extremities as indicators of mobility patterns and locomotor behavior in Homo sapiens from Mid- Late Upper Paleolithic to the modern age

Work-related problems in metal handling tasks in Bangladesh: obstacles to the development of safety and health measures

On the biomechanical and osteoarthritic differences between hunter‐gatherers and agriculturalists

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