The Work and Social Adjustment Scale, Youth and Parent Versions: Psychometric Evaluation of a Brief Measure of Functional Impairment in Young People

Jassi, Amita; Lenhard, Fabian; Krebs, Georgina; Gumpert, Martina; Jolstedt, Maral; Andrén, Per; Nord, Martina; Aspvall, Kristina; Wahlund, Tove; Volz, Chloe; Mataix‐Cols, David

doi:10.31234/osf.io/f8zev

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In large part, as a function of our small cancer survivor sample size characterized by relatively low treatment intensity, we found no FI difference between cancer survivors and controls. It is possible that FI is not a distinguishing characteristic for our sample, with other researchers observing mixed results when evaluating FI as an outcome [4,39,40]. The low recruitment rate of cancer survivors (24%) speaks to the possibility that survivors who agreed to participate differed systematically from those who were approached but declined participation.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Obtaining reports of functional impairment from youth and parents is an emerging research area [40]. Our limited sample of pediatric cancer survivors indicates a need for improvement in this line of research, including larger and more diverse samples, along with psychometric analyses that provide greater clarity to the response characteristics of a functional impairment measure.…”

Section: Recommendations For Research and Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-reported and parent proxy reported functional impairment among pediatric cancer survivors and controls

Erickson

Hile²,

Kubinec

et al. 2020

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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Background: A unique and limiting component in the research on functional impairment among children has been the exclusive use of parent proxy reports about child functioning; and there is limited information regarding the impact of pediatric cancer treatment on children's day-today functioning and how this is related to neurocognitive functioning. The objective of the current study was to examine a novel measure of self-reported functional impairment, and explore the relationship between self-reported and parent-reported child functional impairment in pediatric cancer survivors compared to controls. Methods: A cross-sectional cohort of survivors (n = 26) and controls (n = 53) were recruited. Survivors were off treatment an average of 6.35 years (SD = 5.38; range 1-15 years) and demonstrated an average "medium" Central Nervous System treatment intensity score. Participants completed measures of functional impairment (FI), intellectual assessment (RIST) and executive functions (NIH Examiner), while parents reported on children's functional impairment. Results: Survivors were similar to controls in functional impairment. Regardless of group membership, self-reported FI was higher than parent-reported FI, although they were correlated and parent report of FI significantly predicted self-reported FI. Across groups, increased impairment was associated with four of seven Examiner scores. Conclusions: Research regarding self-reported functional impairment of cancer survivors and its association with parent-reported functional impairment and neurocognitive deficits has been limited. Our results suggest that selfreported FI appears to be a reasonable and viable outcome measure that corresponds with and adds incremental validity to parent reported FI. While low treatment intensity may confer relative sparing of functional impairment among survivors, children report higher FI levels than parents, suggesting that FI can be of clinical utility. In conclusion, pediatric cancer survivors should be screened for self-reported functional difficulties.

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Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Recommendations For Research and Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported and parent proxy reported functional impairment among pediatric cancer survivors and controls

Erickson

Hile²,

Kubinec

et al. 2020

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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“…The Work, and Social Adjustment Scale-Youth Version (WSAS-Y) is a short, self-reported instrument consisting of five items rated on a nine-point Likert scale. It assesses the degree of functional impairment in five areas, namely school, daily situations, social activities, leisure activities, and relationships [38]. The WSAS-Y is based on the original WSAS for adults [39] and has excellent psychometric properties [38].…”

Section: Self-or Parent-administered Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It assesses the degree of functional impairment in five areas, namely school, daily situations, social activities, leisure activities, and relationships [38]. The WSAS-Y is based on the original WSAS for adults [39] and has excellent psychometric properties [38]. The WSAS-Y also has a parent-rated version (WSAS-P) [38].…”

Section: Self-or Parent-administered Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and impact of insomnia in children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder undergoing multimodal specialist treatment

Sevilla-Cermeño

Rautio

Andrén

et al. 2019

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Pediatric body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is challenging to treat. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of insomnia in youth with BDD and explore its impact on clinical outcomes. Sixty-six children and adolescents with BDD consecutively referred to a specialist clinic completed a range of clinical measures, including the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Modified for BDD-Adolescent Version (BDD-YBOCS-A), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Patients with clinical insomnia (ISI score ≥ 9) were compared to the rest of the sample on socio-demographic and clinical features. Fifty-six patients who received multimodal treatment were re-assessed post-treatment. A mixed-model ANOVA was performed to compare treatment outcomes between the insomnia vs. no insomnia groups, and Chi-squared tests were used to compare response and remission rates. According to the ISI, 48% of the sample qualified as having insomnia at baseline. These participants showed significantly higher self-reported BDD symptom severity, more depressive symptoms, and more functional impairment in daily activities. Patients with insomnia improved less on the BDD-YBOCS-A than those without insomnia, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. The rates of responders and remitters were lower in the insomnia group, compared to the non-insomnia group. Insomnia is prevalent in pediatric BDD, and is associated with more severe psychopathology and worse functioning in daily activities. Furthermore, youth experiencing BDD and insomnia may benefit from multimodal treatment to a lesser extent than those without insomnia. If these results are replicated in larger samples, treatment refinements for pediatric BDD could include specific modules to directly target insomnia.

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Stepped Care Internet-Delivered vs Face-to-Face Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

et al. 2019

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IMPORTANCE Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy is an effective treatment for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder and has the potential to markedly increase access to treatment for patients while being cost-effective for health care organizations. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy implemented within a stepped care model is noninferior to, and cost-effective compared with, the gold standard of face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Multicenter, single-blind, randomized clinical noninferiority trial implemented at 2 specialist pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder clinics in Stockholm and Gothenburg, Sweden. Participants are 152 children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years with obsessive compulsive disorder, recruited through the 2 clinics and online self-referral. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to the stepped care intervention or face-to-face therapy. Blind evaluations will be conducted after treatment and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. At the 6-month follow-up (primary end point), noninferiority will be tested and resource use will be compared between the 2 treatment groups. Data will be analyzed according to intention-to-treat principles. INTERVENTION Patients randomized to stepped care will first receive internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for 16 weeks; patients who are classified as nonresponders 3 months after treatment completion will receive additional face-to-face therapy. The control group will receive 16 weeks of face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy immediately following randomization and nonresponders at the 3-month follow-up will, as in the stepped care group, receive additional faceto-face therapy. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Noninferiority is defined as a 4-point difference on the primary outcome measure (Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale). DISCUSSION Recruitment started October 6, 2017, and was completed May 24, 2019. Results from the primary end point will be available by May 2020. The naturalistic follow-ups (1, 2, and 5 years after the end of treatment) will continue to 2025. There are no interim analyses planned or stopping rules for the trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03263546

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The Work and Social Adjustment Scale, Youth and Parent Versions: Psychometric Evaluation of a Brief Measure of Functional Impairment in Young People

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Self-reported and parent proxy reported functional impairment among pediatric cancer survivors and controls

Self-reported and parent proxy reported functional impairment among pediatric cancer survivors and controls

Prevalence and impact of insomnia in children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder undergoing multimodal specialist treatment

Stepped Care Internet-Delivered vs Face-to-Face Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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