The WITCH 2016 Model - Documentation and Implementation of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

Emmerling, Johannes; Drouet, Laurent; Reis, Lara Aleluia; Bevione, Michela; Berger, Loϊc; Bosetti, Valentina; Carrara, Samuel; Cian, Enrica De; d'Aertrycke, Gauthier de Maere; Longden, Tom; Malpede, Maurizio; Marangoni, Giacomo; Sferra, Fabio; Tavoni, Massimo; Witajewski-Baltvilks, Jan; Havlík, Petr

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2800970

Cited by 71 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…WITCH is a global integrated assessment model with two main distinguishing features: a regional game-theoretic setup, and an endogenous treatment of technological innovation for energy conservation and decarbonization (Emmerling et al, 2016). A top-down inter-temporal Ramsey-type optimal growth model is hard linked with a representation of the energy sector described in a bottom-up fashion, hence the hybrid denomination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing the Cost of Stored Carbon Leakage

2018

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Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is considered a key technology for stabilizing climate change. However, leakage of CO 2 from stored carbon can potentially undermine the value of carbon storage as a mitigation option. Thus, monitoring and verifiability of CO 2 storage should be encouraged through policy provisions such as accounting and pricing of leaked emissions. Here we assess different institutional and economic mechanisms for accounting for carbon leakage. Using an integrated assessment model we quantify the impacts on the climate, the economy and the mitigation strategies. Results show that carbon leakage can reduce the share of fossil based CCS by up to 35%, if it is controlled and correctly priced. Biomass based CCS is less affected. Accounting for leakage leads to an increase of climate policy costs of up to 0.4 percentage points due to increased emissions. • China, Latin America, the U.S., and Canada have the highest expected leakage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing the Cost of Stored Carbon Leakage

2018

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“…The WITCH model is designed to assess climate policies. It has been developed and is maintained at Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM) and the Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC) (see Emmerling et al 2016).…”

Section: Methodology and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economics of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Developing Asia

et al. 2016

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.

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“…WITCH (Bosetti et al, 2006;Emmerling et al, 2016) is a hybrid model that combines an aggregated, top-down inter-temporal optimal growth Ramsey-type model (with perfect foresight) with a detailed description of the energy sector. Energy technologies -divided between the electric and the non-electric sectors -are nested in a Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) framework, which represents the many economic and non-economic drivers leading to limited technology substitution in a stylized way.…”

Section: Witchmentioning

confidence: 99%

System integration of wind and solar power in integrated assessment models: A cross-model evaluation of new approaches

et al. 2017

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Mitigation-Process Integrated Assessment Models (MP-IAMs) are used to analyze long-term transformation pathways of the energy system required to achieve stringent climate change mitigation targets. Due to their substantial temporal and spatial aggregation, IAMs cannot explicitly represent all detailed challenges of integrating the variable renewable energies (VRE) wind and solar in power systems, but rather rely on parameterized modeling approaches. In the ADVANCE project, six international modeling teams have developed new approaches to improve the representation of power sector dynamics and VRE integration in IAMs. In this study, we qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the last years' modeling progress and study the impact of VRE integration modeling on VRE deployment in IAM scenarios. For a comprehensive and transparent qualitative evaluation, we first develop a framework of 18 features of power sector dynamics and VRE integration. We then apply this framework to the newlydeveloped modeling approaches to derive a detailed map of strengths and limitations of the different approaches. For the quantitative evaluation, we compare the IAMs to the detailed hourlyresolution power sector model REMIX. We find that the new modeling approaches manage to represent a large number of features of the power sector, and the numerical results are in reasonable agreement with those derived from the detailed power sector model. Updating the power sector representation and the cost and resources of wind and solar substantially increased wind and solar shares across models: Under a carbon price of 30$/tCO2 in 2020 (increasing by 5% per year), the model-average cost-minimizing VRE share over the period 2050-2100 is 62% of electricity generation, 24%-points higher than with the old model version. Highlights: We develop a comprehensive framework to evaluate power sector modeling in IAMs  We evaluate 6 new modeling approaches to represent variability of wind and solar  Most IAMs now represent key power sector dynamics, as shown by hourly model REMIX  Previous integration modeling was in many of the analyzed IAMs too restrictive  IAMs with new approaches show on average 24%-points higher wind/solar shares than before Keywords:Integrated assessment models (IAM); variable renewable energy (VRE); wind and solar power; system integration; power sector model; flexibility options (storage, transmission grid, demand response); model evaluation; model validation.3

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The WITCH 2016 Model - Documentation and Implementation of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways

Cited by 71 publications

References 22 publications

Bearing the Cost of Stored Carbon Leakage

Bearing the Cost of Stored Carbon Leakage

The Economics of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in Developing Asia

System integration of wind and solar power in integrated assessment models: A cross-model evaluation of new approaches

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